<html lang="en"> <head> <title>ENCODE and DECODE statements - The GNU Fortran Compiler</title> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html"> <meta name="description" content="The GNU Fortran Compiler"> <meta name="generator" content="makeinfo 4.13"> <link title="Top" rel="start" href="index.html#Top"> <link rel="up" href="Extensions-not-implemented-in-GNU-Fortran.html#Extensions-not-implemented-in-GNU-Fortran" title="Extensions not implemented in GNU Fortran"> <link rel="prev" href="STRUCTURE-and-RECORD.html#STRUCTURE-and-RECORD" title="STRUCTURE and RECORD"> <link rel="next" href="Variable-FORMAT-expressions.html#Variable-FORMAT-expressions" title="Variable FORMAT expressions"> <link href="http://www.gnu.org/software/texinfo/" rel="generator-home" title="Texinfo Homepage"> <!-- Copyright (C) 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc. Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with the Invariant Sections being ``Funding Free Software'', the Front-Cover Texts being (a) (see below), and with the Back-Cover Texts being (b) (see below). A copy of the license is included in the section entitled ``GNU Free Documentation License''. (a) The FSF's Front-Cover Text is: A GNU Manual (b) The FSF's Back-Cover Text is: You have freedom to copy and modify this GNU Manual, like GNU software. Copies published by the Free Software Foundation raise funds for GNU development.--> <meta http-equiv="Content-Style-Type" content="text/css"> <style type="text/css"><!-- pre.display { font-family:inherit } pre.format { font-family:inherit } pre.smalldisplay { font-family:inherit; font-size:smaller } pre.smallformat { font-family:inherit; font-size:smaller } pre.smallexample { font-size:smaller } pre.smalllisp { font-size:smaller } span.sc { font-variant:small-caps } span.roman { font-family:serif; font-weight:normal; } span.sansserif { font-family:sans-serif; font-weight:normal; } --></style> </head> <body> <div class="node"> <a name="ENCODE-and-DECODE-statements"></a> <p> Next: <a rel="next" accesskey="n" href="Variable-FORMAT-expressions.html#Variable-FORMAT-expressions">Variable FORMAT expressions</a>, Previous: <a rel="previous" accesskey="p" href="STRUCTURE-and-RECORD.html#STRUCTURE-and-RECORD">STRUCTURE and RECORD</a>, Up: <a rel="up" accesskey="u" href="Extensions-not-implemented-in-GNU-Fortran.html#Extensions-not-implemented-in-GNU-Fortran">Extensions not implemented in GNU Fortran</a> <hr> </div> <h4 class="subsection">6.2.2 <code>ENCODE</code> and <code>DECODE</code> statements</h4> <p><a name="index-g_t_0040code_007bENCODE_007d-327"></a><a name="index-g_t_0040code_007bDECODE_007d-328"></a> GNU Fortran doesn't support the <code>ENCODE</code> and <code>DECODE</code> statements. These statements are best replaced by <code>READ</code> and <code>WRITE</code> statements involving internal files (<code>CHARACTER</code> variables and arrays), which have been part of the Fortran standard since Fortran 77. For example, replace a code fragment like <pre class="smallexample"> INTEGER*1 LINE(80) REAL A, B, C c ... Code that sets LINE DECODE (80, 9000, LINE) A, B, C 9000 FORMAT (1X, 3(F10.5)) </pre> <p class="noindent">with the following: <pre class="smallexample"> CHARACTER(LEN=80) LINE REAL A, B, C c ... Code that sets LINE READ (UNIT=LINE, FMT=9000) A, B, C 9000 FORMAT (1X, 3(F10.5)) </pre> <p>Similarly, replace a code fragment like <pre class="smallexample"> INTEGER*1 LINE(80) REAL A, B, C c ... Code that sets A, B and C ENCODE (80, 9000, LINE) A, B, C 9000 FORMAT (1X, 'OUTPUT IS ', 3(F10.5)) </pre> <p class="noindent">with the following: <pre class="smallexample"> CHARACTER(LEN=80) LINE REAL A, B, C c ... Code that sets A, B and C WRITE (UNIT=LINE, FMT=9000) A, B, C 9000 FORMAT (1X, 'OUTPUT IS ', 3(F10.5)) </pre> </body></html>