<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html> <head> <title>Arduino Reference - KeyboardModifiers </title> <link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/x-icon" href="http://arduino.cc/en/favicon.png"> <link rel='stylesheet' href='arduinoWideRender.css' type='text/css' /> <!--HeaderText--><style type='text/css'><!-- ul, ol, pre, dl, p { margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; } code { white-space: nowrap; } .vspace { margin-top:1.33em; } .indent { margin-left:40px; } .outdent { margin-left:40px; text-indent:-40px; } a.createlinktext { text-decoration:none; border-bottom:1px dotted gray; } a.createlink { text-decoration:none; position:relative; top:-0.5em; font-weight:bold; font-size:smaller; border-bottom:none; } img { border:0px; } .editconflict { color:green; font-style:italic; margin-top:1.33em; margin-bottom:1.33em; } table.markup { border: 2px dotted #ccf; width:90%; } td.markup1, td.markup2 { padding-left:10px; padding-right:10px; } td.markup1 { border-bottom: 1px solid #ccf; } div.faq { margin-left:2em; } div.faq p.question { margin: 1em 0 0.75em -2em; font-weight:bold; } div.faq hr { margin-left: -2em; } .frame { border:1px solid #cccccc; padding:4px; background-color:#f9f9f9; } .lfloat { float:left; margin-right:0.5em; } .rfloat { float:right; margin-left:0.5em; } a.varlink { text-decoration:none; } --></style> <meta name='robots' content='index,follow' /> <meta name="verify-v1" content="TtxFIEJAB6zdJ509wLxjnapQzKAMNm9u0Wj4ho6wxIY=" /> </head> <body> <div id="page"> <!--PageHeaderFmt--> <div id="pageheader"> <div class="title"><a href='http://arduino.cc/en'>Arduino</a></div> </div> <!--/PageHeaderFmt--> <!--PageLeftFmt--> <div id="pagenav"> <div id="navbar"> <p><a class='wikilink' href='http://arduino.cc/en/Main/Buy'>Buy</a> <a class='wikilink' href='http://arduino.cc/en/Main/Software'>Download</a> <a class='wikilink' href='Guide_index.html'>Getting Started</a> <a class='wikilink' href='http://arduino.cc/en/Tutorial/HomePage'>Learning</a> <a class='wikilink' href='index.html'>Reference</a> <a class='wikilink' href='http://arduino.cc/en/Main/Hardware'>Hardware</a> <a class='wikilink' href='FAQ.html'>FAQ</a> </p> <p class='vspace'></p> </div> </div> <!--/PageLeftFmt--> <div id="pagetext"> <!--PageText--> <div id='wikitext'> <p><strong>Reference</strong> <a class='wikilink' href='index.html'>Language</a> | <a class='wikilink' href='Libraries.html'>Libraries</a> | <a class='wikilink' href='Comparison.html'>Comparison</a> | <a class='wikilink' href='Changes.html'>Changes</a> </p> <p class='vspace'></p><h4>Keyboard Modifiers</h4> <p>The Keyboard.write() and Keyboard.press() and Keyboard.release() commands don’t work with every possible ASCII character, only those that correspond to a key on the keyboard. For example, backspace works, but many of the other non-printable characters produce unpredictable results. For capital letters (and other keys), what’s sent is shift plus the character (i.e. the equivalent of pressing both of those keys on the keyboard). </p> <p class='vspace'></p><p>A modifier key is a special key on a computer keyboard that modifies the normal action of another key when the two are pressed in combination. </p> <p class='vspace'></p><p>For more on ASCII values and the characters or functions they represent, see <a class='urllink' href='http://www.asciitable.com' rel='nofollow'>asciitable.com</a> </p> <p class='vspace'></p><p>For multiple key presses use <a class='wikilink' href='KeyboardPress.html'>Keyboard.press</a>() </p> <p class='vspace'></p><p>The Leonardo's definitions for modifier keys are listed below: </p> <table width='500'><tr><td valign='top'> <strong>Key</strong> </td><td valign='top'> <strong>Hexadecimal value</strong> </td><td valign='top'> <strong>Decimal value</strong> </td></tr><tr><td valign='top'> KEY_LEFT_CTRL </td><td valign='top'> 0x80 </td><td valign='top'> 128 </td></tr><tr><td valign='top'> KEY_LEFT_SHIFT </td><td valign='top'> 0x81 </td><td valign='top'> 129 </td></tr><tr><td valign='top'> KEY_LEFT_ALT </td><td valign='top'> 0x82 </td><td valign='top'> 130 </td></tr><tr><td valign='top'> KEY_LEFT_GUI </td><td valign='top'> 0x83 </td><td valign='top'> 131 </td></tr><tr><td valign='top'> KEY_RIGHT_CTRL </td><td valign='top'> 0x84 </td><td valign='top'> 132 </td></tr><tr><td valign='top'> KEY_RIGHT_SHIFT </td><td valign='top'> 0x85 </td><td valign='top'> 133 </td></tr><tr><td valign='top'> KEY_RIGHT_ALT </td><td valign='top'> 0x86 </td><td valign='top'> 134 </td></tr><tr><td valign='top'> KEY_RIGHT_GUI </td><td valign='top'> 0x87 </td><td valign='top'> 135 </td></tr><tr><td valign='top'> KEY_UP_ARROW </td><td valign='top'> 0xDA </td><td valign='top'> 218 </td></tr><tr><td valign='top'> KEY_DOWN_ARROW </td><td valign='top'> 0xD9 </td><td valign='top'> 217 </td></tr><tr><td valign='top'> KEY_LEFT_ARROW </td><td valign='top'> 0xD8 </td><td valign='top'> 216 </td></tr><tr><td valign='top'> KEY_RIGHT_ARROW </td><td valign='top'> 0xD7 </td><td valign='top'> 215 </td></tr><tr><td valign='top'> KEY_BACKSPACE </td><td valign='top'> 0xB2 </td><td valign='top'> 178 </td></tr><tr><td valign='top'> KEY_TAB </td><td valign='top'> 0xB3 </td><td valign='top'> 179 </td></tr><tr><td valign='top'> KEY_RETURN </td><td valign='top'> 0xB0 </td><td valign='top'> 176 </td></tr><tr><td valign='top'> KEY_ESC </td><td valign='top'> 0xB1 </td><td valign='top'> 177 </td></tr><tr><td valign='top'> KEY_INSERT </td><td valign='top'> 0xD1 </td><td valign='top'> 209 </td></tr><tr><td valign='top'> KEY_DELETE </td><td valign='top'> 0xD4 </td><td valign='top'> 212 </td></tr><tr><td valign='top'> KEY_PAGE_UP </td><td valign='top'> 0xD3 </td><td valign='top'> 211 </td></tr><tr><td valign='top'> KEY_PAGE_DOWN </td><td valign='top'> 0xD6 </td><td valign='top'> 214 </td></tr><tr><td valign='top'> KEY_HOME </td><td valign='top'> 0xD2 </td><td valign='top'> 210 </td></tr><tr><td valign='top'> KEY_END </td><td valign='top'> 0xD5 </td><td valign='top'> 213 </td></tr><tr><td valign='top'> KEY_CAPS_LOCK </td><td valign='top'> 0xC1 </td><td valign='top'> 193 </td></tr><tr><td valign='top'> KEY_F1 </td><td valign='top'> 0xC2 </td><td valign='top'> 194 </td></tr><tr><td valign='top'> KEY_F2 </td><td valign='top'> 0xC3 </td><td valign='top'> 195 </td></tr><tr><td valign='top'> KEY_F3 </td><td valign='top'> 0xC4 </td><td valign='top'> 196 </td></tr><tr><td valign='top'> KEY_F4 </td><td valign='top'> 0xC5 </td><td valign='top'> 197 </td></tr><tr><td valign='top'> KEY_F5 </td><td valign='top'> 0xC6 </td><td valign='top'> 198 </td></tr><tr><td valign='top'> KEY_F6 </td><td valign='top'> 0xC7 </td><td valign='top'> 199 </td></tr><tr><td valign='top'> KEY_F7 </td><td valign='top'> 0xC8 </td><td valign='top'> 200 </td></tr><tr><td valign='top'> KEY_F8 </td><td valign='top'> 0xC9 </td><td valign='top'> 201 </td></tr><tr><td valign='top'> KEY_F9 </td><td valign='top'> 0xCA </td><td valign='top'> 202 </td></tr><tr><td valign='top'> KEY_F10 </td><td valign='top'> 0xCB </td><td valign='top'> 203 </td></tr><tr><td valign='top'> KEY_F11 </td><td valign='top'> 0xCC </td><td valign='top'> 204 </td></tr><tr><td valign='top'> KEY_F12 </td><td valign='top'> 0xCD </td><td valign='top'> 205 </td></tr></table> <p class='vspace'></p><h4>See Also</h4> <ul><li><a class='wikilink' href='KeyboardBegin.html'>Keyboard.begin</a>() </li><li><a class='wikilink' href='KeyboardEnd.html'>Keyboard.end</a>() </li><li><a class='wikilink' href='KeyboardPress.html'>Keyboard.press</a>() </li><li><a class='wikilink' href='KeyboardRelease.html'>Keyboard.release</a>() </li><li><a class='wikilink' href='KeyboardReleaseAll.html'>Keyboard.releaseAll</a>() </li></ul><p><br /><a class='wikilink' href='index.html'>Reference Home</a> </p> <p class='vspace'></p><p><em>Corrections, suggestions, and new documentation should be posted to the <a class='urllink' href='http://arduino.cc/forum/index.php/board,23.0.html' rel='nofollow'>Forum</a>.</em> </p> <p class='vspace'></p><p>The text of the Arduino reference is licensed under a <a class='urllink' href='http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/' rel='nofollow'>Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 License</a>. Code samples in the reference are released into the public domain. </p> </div> </div> <!--PageFooterFmt--> <div id="pagefooter"> ©Arduino | <a href='#'>Edit Page</a> | <a href='#'>Page History</a> | <a href='#' target='_blank'>Printable View</a> | <a href='http://arduino.cc/en/Site/AllRecentChanges'>All Recent Site Changes</a> </div> <!--/PageFooterFmt--> </div> </body> </html>