<HTML ><HEAD ><TITLE >Change init level to textual</TITLE ><META NAME="GENERATOR" CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.7"><LINK REL="HOME" TITLE="Remote Serial Console HOWTO" HREF="index.html"><LINK REL="UP" TITLE="Configure incidentals" HREF="misc.html"><LINK REL="PREVIOUS" TITLE="Allow root to login from serial console" HREF="misc-securetty.html"><LINK REL="NEXT" TITLE="Remove saved console settings" HREF="misc-remove-ioctl-save.html"></HEAD ><BODY CLASS="SECTION" BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF" TEXT="#000000" LINK="#0000FF" VLINK="#840084" ALINK="#0000FF" ><DIV CLASS="NAVHEADER" ><TABLE SUMMARY="Header navigation table" WIDTH="100%" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ><TR ><TH COLSPAN="3" ALIGN="center" >Remote Serial Console HOWTO</TH ></TR ><TR ><TD WIDTH="10%" ALIGN="left" VALIGN="bottom" ><A HREF="misc-securetty.html" ACCESSKEY="P" >Prev</A ></TD ><TD WIDTH="80%" ALIGN="center" VALIGN="bottom" >Chapter 7. Configure incidentals</TD ><TD WIDTH="10%" ALIGN="right" VALIGN="bottom" ><A HREF="misc-remove-ioctl-save.html" ACCESSKEY="N" >Next</A ></TD ></TR ></TABLE ><HR ALIGN="LEFT" WIDTH="100%"></DIV ><DIV CLASS="SECTION" ><H1 CLASS="SECTION" ><A NAME="MISC-INIT" ></A >7.2. Change <SPAN CLASS="APPLICATION" >init</SPAN > level to textual</H1 ><P >There is little point in running the <SPAN CLASS="PRODUCTNAME" >X Window System</SPAN > on a server with no screen. Edit <TT CLASS="FILENAME" >/etc/inittab</TT > finding the line containing <TT CLASS="LITERAL" >initdefault</TT >, such as</P ><DIV CLASS="INFORMALFIGURE" ><A NAME="MISC-INIT-X" ></A ><P ></P ><TABLE BORDER="0" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" WIDTH="100%" ><TR ><TD ><FONT COLOR="#000000" ><PRE CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" >id:5:initdefault:</PRE ></FONT ></TD ></TR ></TABLE ><P ></P ></DIV ><P >Alter the default from run level 5 (multiuser with X Window System) to run level 3 (multiuser).</P ><DIV CLASS="INFORMALFIGURE" ><A NAME="MISC-INIT-TEXT" ></A ><P ></P ><TABLE BORDER="0" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" WIDTH="100%" ><TR ><TD ><FONT COLOR="#000000" ><PRE CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" >id:3:initdefault:</PRE ></FONT ></TD ></TR ></TABLE ><P ></P ></DIV ><P >The <B CLASS="COMMAND" >startx</B > command can be used if an occassional <SPAN CLASS="PRODUCTNAME" >X Windows</SPAN > session is required upon an attached keyboard and monitor.</P ><DIV CLASS="NOTE" ><P ></P ><TABLE CLASS="NOTE" WIDTH="100%" BORDER="0" ><TR ><TD WIDTH="25" ALIGN="CENTER" VALIGN="TOP" ><IMG SRC="../images/note.gif" HSPACE="5" ALT="Note"></TD ><TH ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="CENTER" ><B >Run levels and Red Hat's <SPAN CLASS="APPLICATION" >kudzu</SPAN ></B ></TH ></TR ><TR ><TD > </TD ><TD ALIGN="LEFT" VALIGN="TOP" ><P ><SPAN CLASS="APPLICATION" >kudzu</SPAN > automatically updates the <TT CLASS="LITERAL" >initdefault</TT > entry in <TT CLASS="FILENAME" >inittab</TT > to use run level 3 if a serial device is being used as a console.</P ></TD ></TR ></TABLE ></DIV ><DIV CLASS="SECTION" ><H2 CLASS="SECTION" ><A NAME="MISC-INIT-X11" ></A >7.2.1. Continuing to run X</H2 ><P >Sometimes a computer with a serial console and no attached monitor still needs to run the <SPAN CLASS="APPLICATION" >X Window System</SPAN >. For example, the computer might host a number of <SPAN CLASS="APPLICATION" >X</SPAN > terminals.</P ><P >In this case the computer should remain in run level 5, but should not run a <SPAN CLASS="APPLICATION" >X</SPAN > server for any attached monitors. Alter <TT CLASS="FILENAME" >/etc/X11/xdm/Xservers</TT > and remove any lines starting with a colon (which indicates an <SPAN CLASS="APPLICATION" >X</SPAN > server on the local machine). <A HREF="misc-init.html#MISC-INIT-X11-XSERVERS" >Figure 7-2</A > shows an unaltered <TT CLASS="FILENAME" >Xservers</TT > file.</P ><DIV CLASS="FIGURE" ><A NAME="MISC-INIT-X11-XSERVERS" ></A ><P ><B >Figure 7-2. <TT CLASS="FILENAME" >Xservers</TT > from Red Hat Linux 7.2</B ></P ><TABLE BORDER="0" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" WIDTH="100%" ><TR ><TD ><FONT COLOR="#000000" ><PRE CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" >:0 local /usr/X11R6/bin/X</PRE ></FONT ></TD ></TR ></TABLE ></DIV ><P >If the operating system uses <SPAN CLASS="ACRONYM" >GNOME</SPAN >'s <SPAN CLASS="APPLICATION" >gdm</SPAN > then alter its configuration file <TT CLASS="FILENAME" >/etc/X11/gdm/gdm.conf</TT >, removing any entries for local <SPAN CLASS="APPLICATION" >X</SPAN > servers from the <TT CLASS="LITERAL" >[servers]</TT > section. <A HREF="misc-init.html#MISC-INIT-X11-GDMCONF" >Figure 7-3</A >shows an unaltered <TT CLASS="LITERAL" >[servers]</TT > section.</P ><DIV CLASS="FIGURE" ><A NAME="MISC-INIT-X11-GDMCONF" ></A ><P ><B >Figure 7-3. <TT CLASS="LITERAL" >[servers]</TT > section of <TT CLASS="FILENAME" >gdm.conf</TT > from Red Hat Linux 7.2</B ></P ><TABLE BORDER="0" BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0" WIDTH="100%" ><TR ><TD ><FONT COLOR="#000000" ><PRE CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING" >[servers] 0=/usr/bin/X11/X</PRE ></FONT ></TD ></TR ></TABLE ></DIV ></DIV ></DIV ><DIV CLASS="NAVFOOTER" ><HR ALIGN="LEFT" WIDTH="100%"><TABLE SUMMARY="Footer navigation table" WIDTH="100%" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" ><TR ><TD WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top" ><A HREF="misc-securetty.html" ACCESSKEY="P" >Prev</A ></TD ><TD WIDTH="34%" ALIGN="center" VALIGN="top" ><A HREF="index.html" ACCESSKEY="H" >Home</A ></TD ><TD WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="right" VALIGN="top" ><A HREF="misc-remove-ioctl-save.html" ACCESSKEY="N" >Next</A ></TD ></TR ><TR ><TD WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="left" VALIGN="top" >Allow <SPAN CLASS="SYSTEMITEM" >root</SPAN > to login from serial console</TD ><TD WIDTH="34%" ALIGN="center" VALIGN="top" ><A HREF="misc.html" ACCESSKEY="U" >Up</A ></TD ><TD WIDTH="33%" ALIGN="right" VALIGN="top" >Remove saved console settings</TD ></TR ></TABLE ></DIV ></BODY ></HTML >