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CLASS="SECT1"
><H1
CLASS="SECT1"
><A
NAME="INCLUDE-UPDATES"
></A
>5. Including the updates</H1
><P
> There are three steps involved, the first two are (almost) equal in all the
releases, while the last one changes quite a bit because of the changes in the
anaconda installer:
<P
></P
><OL
TYPE="i"
><LI
><P
>Correct the file protection modes</P
></LI
><LI
><P
>Replace updated RPMs</P
></LI
><LI
><P
>Rebuild the installer</P
></LI
></OL
>
To incorporate the updates, you need write access to the
distribution directory from a Linux machine, with a working version of
<A
HREF="http://www.rpm.org"
TARGET="_top"
>rpm</A
> installed, while <EM
>to rebuild the
anaconda installer you need to use a release of Redhat Linux equal to the one you
are rebuilding the installer for (otherwise the procedure will fail)</EM
>.
If you maintain a mirror of the <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>updates</TT
>
directory, you can at any time produce a CD including the current updates by
repeating these steps.
</P
><DIV
CLASS="SECT2"
><H2
CLASS="SECT2"
><A
NAME="UPDATE-PERMISSIONS"
></A
>5.1. Correcting the file protection modes</H2
><P
> During the installation process of the releases up to and including 6.2,
some programs are run directly off the CD. Unfortunately, the FTP program
does not always preserve the protection modes of the files and directories
that are copied. Therefore, it is necessary to make sure that execute
permission is given to programs, shell scripts and shared libraries, before
the directory is burned on the CD. This is done by running the
<A
HREF="rhcd-scripts/updatePerm.sh"
TARGET="_top"
> updatePerm.sh</A
> script on your local copy of the distribution.
It is really needed only for version 6.2 and older, the only part useful to
the 7.3/8.0/9 releases procedure is the directories permissions update, even if the
rest won't hurt and things are kept coherent. It is almost equal to the
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>updatePerm</TT
> script included in the previous version of
the howto, just some slight changes were made. Before using this script you
have to configure the
<A
HREF="rhcd-scripts/rhcd.conf"
TARGET="_top"
> rhcd.conf</A
> configuration file and export a <EM
>RHCDPATH</EM
>
variable pointing to the directory where this file is.
</P
><P
> <TABLE
BORDER="1"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><FONT
COLOR="#000000"
><PRE
CLASS="SCREEN"
> $ export RHCDPATH=/home/luigi/tmp/rhcd-scripts
$ sh updatePerm.sh
</PRE
></FONT
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
>
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT2"
><H2
CLASS="SECT2"
><A
NAME="REPLACING-PACKAGES"
></A
>5.2. Replacing the updated RPMS</H2
><P
> The <A
HREF="rhcd-scripts/updateCD.sh"
TARGET="_top"
> updateCD.sh</A
> script copies all the new
files from the update directory to the RPMS (and SRPMS) directory. The script
uses the <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>rvc</TT
> program which was presented in section
<A
HREF="rpm-packages.html#RPM-VERSION-COMPARE"
>Comparing RPM versions</A
>
to determine which packages in the updates directory are more recent. Older packages
are moved to the <EM
>${OLDDIR}</EM
> directory. If the
<EM
>CHECKSIG</EM
> variable is set to <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"yes"</SPAN
>, all the packages in
the main tree will have their signature checked for correctness. If a package fails
the signature check (the kind of check is configured by means of the
<EM
>USEGPG</EM
> variable whose value is assigned in the file
<A
HREF="rhcd-scripts/rhcd.conf"
TARGET="_top"
>rhcd.conf</A
>), it is moved to the
<EM
>OLDDIR</EM
> directory with an added extension of
<SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"CDcheckfail"</SPAN
>.
</P
><P
> Before using this script, you have to configure the
<A
HREF="rhcd-scripts/rhcd.conf"
TARGET="_top"
>rhcd.conf</A
> configuration
file and export a <EM
>RHCDPATH</EM
> variable pointing to the
directory where this file is.
</P
><P
> <TABLE
BORDER="1"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><FONT
COLOR="#000000"
><PRE
CLASS="SCREEN"
> $ export RHCDPATH=/home/luigi/tmp/rhcd-scripts
$ sh updateCD.sh
</PRE
></FONT
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
>
</P
><DIV
CLASS="NOTE"
><P
></P
><TABLE
CLASS="NOTE"
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="25"
ALIGN="CENTER"
VALIGN="TOP"
><IMG
SRC="../images/note.gif"
HSPACE="5"
ALT="Note"></TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
><P
> After having incorporated the updates in the main
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>RedHat/RPMS</TT
> directory, your copy of
the distribution is no longer a mirror of the Red Hat distribution site.
Actually, it is more up-to-date! Therefore, if you attempt to mirror the
distribution using mirror, older versions of the RPM's that have been updated
will be downloaded once more, and the updates deleted. The bash/wget based
procedure doesn't suffer from the problem, but will leave the main tree in an
incoherent state. Old and new packages will be in this case mixed together, but
you can find and remove them wrapping the <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>rvc</TT
> binary in a
simple shell script (which I will leave as an exercise for the reader...).
</P
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT2"
><H2
CLASS="SECT2"
><A
NAME="INSTALLER-REBUILD"
></A
>5.3. Rebuilding the installer</H2
><P
> Things have changed pretty much in this section with the introduction of the
anaconda installer (as of release 6.1) and with the considerable increment
in size (and ... number of CDs) the 7.x/8.0 distributions have seen. Until
release 6.2, the only step composing this section was represented by
generating a new <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>hdlist</TT
> file. With release 6.2, this
appears to be true only to a certain extent, because of the changes in the
anaconda installer, in the <EM
>rpm</EM
> software itself
(from version 3.x to 4.x) and the migration of the updated packages to
this new version (updates for release 6.2 are in fact packaged with both
major releases of the <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>rpm</TT
> software). We will consider
three different procedures trying to cover all the releases.
</P
><DIV
CLASS="SECT3"
><H3
CLASS="SECT3"
><A
NAME="RH61-REBUILD"
></A
>5.3.1. RedHat <= 6.1</H3
><DIV
CLASS="SECT4"
><H4
CLASS="SECT4"
><A
NAME="AEN391"
></A
>5.3.1.1. Regenerating the hdlist file</H4
><P
> When installing from the CD, the installation program on the CD relies
on the file <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>RedHat/base/hdlist</TT
> describing what RPM
packages are available on the CD. The <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>hdlist</TT
> file
can be generated by the program <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>misc/src/install/genhdlist</TT
>.
This program must be run with the absolute path to the root of the
distribution as the only argument. Here is the <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>updateHdlist</TT
>
script which calls that program (from version 1.34 of this howto):
</P
><P
> <TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><FONT
COLOR="#000000"
><PRE
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
> #!/bin/bash
RHVERSION=6.1
ARCH=i386
echo generating hdlist...
RHROOT=/home/luigi/tmp/redhat-${RHVERSION}
GENHDDIR=${RHROOT}/${ARCH}/misc/src/anaconda/utils
chmod u+x ${GENHDDIR}/genhdlist
chmod 644 ${RHROOT}/${ARCH}/RedHat/base/hdlist
${GENHDDIR}/genhdlist ${RHROOT}/${ARCH} || echo "*** GENHDLIST FAILED ***"
exit 0
</PRE
></FONT
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
>
</P
><DIV
CLASS="NOTE"
><P
></P
><TABLE
CLASS="NOTE"
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="25"
ALIGN="CENTER"
VALIGN="TOP"
><IMG
SRC="../images/note.gif"
HSPACE="5"
ALT="Note"></TD
><TH
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="CENTER"
><B
>Important note for RedHat < 6.1</B
></TH
></TR
><TR
><TD
> </TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
><P
> The installation in RedHat 6.1 is completely changed from earlier versions,
and RedHat has introduced <EM
>anaconda</EM
>. The
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>genhdlist</TT
> program is now found in a different place,
so in the script above, we used
<TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><FONT
COLOR="#000000"
><PRE
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
> GENHDDIR=${RHROOT}/${ARCH}/misc/src/anaconda/utils
</PRE
></FONT
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
>
while for releases up to (and including) 6.0 that line should read
<TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><FONT
COLOR="#000000"
><PRE
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
> GENHDDIR=${RHROOT}/${ARCH}/misc/src/install
</PRE
></FONT
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
>
</P
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
><P
> In some cases, <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>genhdlist</TT
> fails to run, because the
executable is not statically linked. In such a case, you can add a new line
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>${RHROOT}/${ARCH}/RedHat/instimage/usr/lib</TT
>
in <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/etc/ld.so.conf</TT
> and run <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>ldconfig -v</TT
>.
</P
><P
> Another solution is to recompile <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>genhdlist</TT
>. The
following modification to the <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>updateHdlist</TT
> script worked
under RedHat 5.2:
<TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><FONT
COLOR="#000000"
><PRE
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
> #!/bin/bash
RHVERSION=6.1
ARCH=i386
RHROOT=/misc/redhat/redhat-${RHVERSION}
GENHDDIR=${RHROOT}/${ARCH}/misc/src/anaconda/utils
echo Compiling genhdlist...
sed -e 's/FD_t/int/' \
-e 's/fdOpen/open/' \
-e 's/fdClose/close/' \
-e 's/fdFileno//' < ${GENHDDIR}/genhdlist.c > /tmp/genhdlist.c
cc -o /tmp/genhdlist -I/usr/include/rpm /tmp/genhdlist.c -lrpm -lz
echo generating hdlist...
chmod 644 ${RHROOT}/${ARCH}/RedHat/base/hdlist
/tmp/genhdlist ${RHROOT}/${ARCH} || echo "*** GENHDLIST FAILED ***"
exit 0
</PRE
></FONT
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
>
</P
><P
> In this version of the script, a copy of the C source of
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>genhdlist.c</TT
> is piped through
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>sed</TT
> to create a copy in
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/tmp</TT
> that will
compile under RedHat 5.2. This version of
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>genhdlist</TT
> is then used to create the
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>hdlist</TT
> file
</P
><DIV
CLASS="NOTE"
><P
></P
><TABLE
CLASS="NOTE"
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="25"
ALIGN="CENTER"
VALIGN="TOP"
><IMG
SRC="../images/note.gif"
HSPACE="5"
ALT="Note"></TD
><TH
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="CENTER"
><B
>Important note for RedHat 5.2</B
></TH
></TR
><TR
><TD
> </TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
><P
>
As distributed with RedHat version 5.2 and earlier,
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>genhdlist</TT
> CRASHES if there are files in the
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>RedHat/RPMS</TT
> directory which are <EM
>not</EM
>
RPM files! This causes problems, because in the 5.2 distribution, there
are a couple of non-RPM files named <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>ls-lR</TT
> and
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>ls-lR.gz</TT
> in
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>RedHat/RPMS</TT
>. Therefore, you must
remove all non-RPM files from the directory. Alternatively, you can apply
the patch
<A
HREF="rhcd-scripts/oldversion/genhdlist.c.diff"
TARGET="_top"
>genhdlist.c.diff</A
>
to <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>misc/src/install/genhdlist.c</TT
> and
do a <EM
>make</EM
>. The patch will cause
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>genhdlist</TT
> to ignore any non-RPM files.
</P
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT4"
><H4
CLASS="SECT4"
><A
NAME="ISO-IMAGE-CREATE"
></A
>5.3.1.2. Creating the CD iso image</H4
><P
> You'll need to create an image file which will be written to the CD. This
file will be 500Mb or more so find a partition with enough free space. You
may need to be root to use mount and cdrecord. Here you will prepare the
iso image of the bootable CD to be burned. It is actually, not strictly
necessary, to create a bootable CD, because you could use a boot floppy instead
of it, but it's definitely a nifty feature (and makes your disc more similar
in behaviour to the original one). These are the commands I use to complete
the task:
<TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><FONT
COLOR="#000000"
><PRE
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
> $ mkdir /images-destination-dir
$ mkisofs -r -J -T -v -V "Red Hat 6.1 (Hedwig)" \
-c boot.cat -b images/boot.img \
-o /images-destination-dir/i386-disc.iso .
</PRE
></FONT
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
>
This is needed to burn the (bootable) disc and is executed from the top
level directory of the distribution. The
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/images-destination-dir</TT
> directory is
the container for the iso image you are generating, and it must exist
(obviously) before starting the procedure. In the following table you can
read a brief explanation of the various options and their meanings (most
of it was extracted from the <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>mkisofs</TT
> man page).
</P
><P
> <DIV
CLASS="TABLE"
><A
NAME="AEN442"
></A
><P
><B
>Table 1. mkisofs options and parameters</B
></P
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
CLASS="CALSTABLE"
><TBODY
><TR
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
>-r</TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
> </TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
>Rock Ridge extensions with useful values for the
permission bits</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
>-J</TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
> </TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
>Joliet extensions to use the cd with some different
operating systems</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
>-T</TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
> </TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
>Generate a TRANS.TBL file in each directory to map correctly
the file names even on systems which do not support the Rock
Ridge extensions.</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
>-v</TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
> </TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
>be verbose</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
><P
CLASS="LITERALLAYOUT"
>-V <volid></P
></TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
> </TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
>Specifies the volume ID (volume name or label) to
be written into the master block.</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
><P
CLASS="LITERALLAYOUT"
>-c <boot catalog></P
></TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
> </TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
>Specifies the path and filename of the boot catalog
to be used when making an "El Torito" bootable CD.
The pathname must be relative to the source path
specified to mkisofs.</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
><P
CLASS="LITERALLAYOUT"
>-b <eltorito boot image></P
></TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
> </TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
>Specifies the path and filename of the boot image
to be used when making an "El Torito" bootable CD.
The pathname must be relative to the source path
specified to mkisofs and specify a floppy image (which
is why we use one of the floppy images found on the
original CD. You may want to change this with the
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>pcmcia.img</TT
> image to install using pcmcia
devices like network cards or CDROM readers.</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
><P
CLASS="LITERALLAYOUT"
>-o <filename></P
></TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
> </TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
>Name of the file containing the generated iso image</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
>.</TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
> </TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
>This is the root directory for our generated iso image (we are
working from the root directory of every CD, so a dot is
enough).</TD
></TR
></TBODY
></TABLE
></DIV
>
</P
><P
> You will find details of how to burn the image on a media in <A
HREF="burn-cd.html"
>Burning the CD</A
>.
The <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>mkisofs</TT
> and <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>cdrecord</TT
> steps can be
executed by means of a graphical frontend like
<A
HREF="http://www.xcdroast.org/"
TARGET="_top"
>X-CD-Roast</A
> which should currently
support the creation of bootable CDs (I've never used it, so don't expect me
to give you any explanation).
</P
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT3"
><H3
CLASS="SECT3"
><A
NAME="RH62-REBUILD"
></A
>5.3.2. RedHat 6.2</H3
><P
> Apparently, this is a problem child when it comes to burning an uptodate CD.
The introduction of version 4 of the Redhat Package Manager (RPM), made the
procedure to update the anaconda installer fail. So the procedures listed will
work only if the updated packages were built using a version of the RPM
software which is older than or equal to 3.0.4 (so, basically, 3.0.4 or 3.0.5).
</P
><P
> If you are using the original packages from Redhat, you have to avoid using
updates released after 28 March 2001 (which is a bit useless, in my opinion)
or you have to rebuild the packages using the old rpm format. Details on the
downgrade procedure and tools which implement it can be found in the document
<A
HREF="http://www.tigress.co.uk/rmy/rh62/rpmhack.html"
TARGET="_top"
>rpmhack</A
>.
I have not personally tested this procedure, even if it appears to work if you
read about it on the anaconda-devel and kickstart mailing lists (you can find
them on the <A
HREF="https://listman.redhat.com/mailman/listinfo"
TARGET="_top"
>mailing
lists</A
> section of the Redhat website.
</P
><P
> If you decide to stick to the old original packages and complete the update
(using the rpm 4.0.2 packages after the installation is finished)
there are two possible ways of doing it, depending on which kind of updates you
want to complete the CD with. If some of the updates regard directly the
installation process (e.g. kernel, python, kudzu), you will have to use the
installer rebuilding procedure explained in the document
<A
HREF="http://www.scyld.com/~pzb/rhcd.html"
TARGET="_top"
>Building a Red Hat Linux 6.2
CDROM</A
>, otherwise you can still use the old procedure (the one for
releases previous to and including 6.1 explained in the previous section).
The last two steps, which are, respectively, creating the iso image and burning
the actual media are described in <A
HREF="include-updates.html#ISO-IMAGE-CREATE"
>Creating the CD iso image</A
> and
<A
HREF="burn-cd.html"
>Burning the CD</A
>, respectively.
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT3"
><H3
CLASS="SECT3"
><A
NAME="RH73-REBUILD"
></A
>5.3.3. RedHat 9, 8.0 and 7.3</H3
><P
> Once again a lot of things have changed with the release of the 7.x series of the
distribution. There are now more operations to complete to obtain a fresh and
uptodate series of CDs. Exactly, they have become more than one with release 7.0
and now the tree has to be split to fit on the media. This is done by means of
the <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>splitdistro</TT
> script, which is written in python like most
of the anaconda installer. To complete this part, you <EM
>must</EM
> use
a Linux RedHat 7.3, 8.0 or 9 machine with the <EM
>anaconda-runtime</EM
>
package installed (it will probably have version 7.3.7, 8.0.4 or 9.0.4), depending
on the release you want to rebuild. The procedure is composed by seven steps:
<P
></P
><OL
TYPE="i"
><LI
><P
> Regenerating the <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>hdlist</TT
> and
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>hdlist2</TT
> files
</P
></LI
><LI
><P
> Updating the <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>comps.xml</TT
> (or
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>comps</TT
>) file
</P
></LI
><LI
><P
>Rebuilding the installer</P
></LI
><LI
><P
>Splitting the distribution in CD-sized chunks</P
></LI
><LI
><P
> Regenerating the <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>hdlist</TT
>
and <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>hdlist2</TT
> files (again)
</P
></LI
><LI
><P
>Generating the iso images</P
></LI
><LI
><P
>adding and checking the md5 signatures in the iso images</P
></LI
></OL
>
</P
><P
> All the steps are grouped together in a single script presented in the last section.
</P
><DIV
CLASS="SECT4"
><H4
CLASS="SECT4"
><A
NAME="AEN530"
></A
>5.3.3.1. Preliminary operations on the main tree</H4
><P
> Some of the scripts included in the <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>anaconda-runtime</TT
> package
need the main tree to be moved in a subdirectory named like the architecture we
are building for (so <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>i386/</TT
> for me). We will
move everything to such directory before starting the procedure and change the
invocation of the scripts which don't need this modification.
</P
><P
>
For redhat 9 and 8.0:
<TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><FONT
COLOR="#000000"
><PRE
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
> $ chmod -R u+w /absolute-path-to-toplevel-dir
$ mkdir -p /absolute-path-to-toplevel-dir/i386
$ cd /absolute-path-to-toplevel-dir
$ /bin/mv * i386
</PRE
></FONT
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
>
You should change <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"/absolute-path-to-toplevel-dir"</SPAN
> with the
<EM
>absolute path</EM
> of the directory where the root of your
local copy of the distribution is located (maybe somewhere on some hard drive).
You will get an error, from the execution of the last command, because the
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>i386/</TT
> directory cannot be moved under
itself, but you don't need to worry about that.
</P
><P
>
For redhat 7.3:
<TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><FONT
COLOR="#000000"
><PRE
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
> $ chmod -R u+w /absolute-path-to-toplevel-dir
$ mkdir -p /absolute-path-to-toplevel-dir/i386
$ cd /absolute-path-to-toplevel-dir
$ for i in `ls` ; do [ $i != "SRPMS" -a $i != i386 ] && /bin/mv $i i386 ; done
</PRE
></FONT
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
>
You shouldn't receive any error message this time from the last command (hopefully).
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT4"
><H4
CLASS="SECT4"
><A
NAME="AEN542"
></A
>5.3.3.2. Regenerating the hdlist and hdlist2 files</H4
><P
> This is done by means of the following two commands with the help of
the <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>genhdlist</TT
> program.
<TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><FONT
COLOR="#000000"
><PRE
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
> $ /usr/lib/anaconda-runtime/genhdlist /absolute-path-to-toplevel-dir/i386
$ chmod 644 /absolute-path-to-toplevel-dir/i386/RedHat/base/hdlist{,2}
</PRE
></FONT
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
>
Once again, <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"/absolute-path-to-toplevel-dir"</SPAN
> is the
<EM
>absolute path</EM
> of the directory where the root of your
local copy of the distribution is located.
The second command is needed to make sure the correct permissions are
set for the file. You should already have an idea of what these files are about
if you have read through <A
HREF="redhat-ftp-site.html#REDHAT-DIR"
>The Redhat directory</A
>.
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT4"
><H4
CLASS="SECT4"
><A
NAME="UPD-COMPS.XML"
></A
>5.3.3.3. Update the <EM
>comps.xml</EM
> file</H4
><P
> In Redhat Linux 8.0 the format of the comps file has completely changed and it's
now based on XML. It provides much more flexibility and ease of customization
as you can read in <A
HREF="comps-file.html"
>The comps file</A
>. If you have modified or intend to
modify the list of the installed packages, you need to complete this step. This,
in turn, implies having the modified version of comps-9.tar.gz
<A
HREF="rhcd-scripts/comps-9.tar.gz"
TARGET="_top"
> comps-9.tar.gz</A
> (the original one doesn't work for me) or
<A
HREF="http://rhlinux.redhat.com/anaconda/comps-8.0.tar.gz"
TARGET="_top"
> comps-8.0.tar.gz</A
> package (depending on the release you are building)
including the master comps file found on the Redhat website and the
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>comps-extras</TT
> rpm package installed.
Follow these steps for Redhat 9 and 8.0:
<TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><FONT
COLOR="#000000"
><PRE
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
> $ cd /some-dir-of-your-choice
$ tar xzvf /path-to-comps-9.tar.gz/comps-9.tar.gz
$ cd comps
$ make
$ cat comps-milan.xml |sed 's!</comps>!!g' >comps-tmp.xml
$ /usr/share/comps-extras/getfullcomps.py comps.xml \
/absolute-path-to-toplevel-dir i386 >> comps-tmp.xml
$ echo '</comps>' >> comps-tmp.xml
$ cp comps-tmp.xml /absolute-path-to-toplevel-dir/i386/RedHat/base/comps.xml
</PRE
></FONT
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
>
Beside <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"/absolute-path-to-toplevel-dir"</SPAN
>, you should take care of
assigning valid names to <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"/some-dir-of-your-choice"</SPAN
> and
<SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"/path-to-comps-9.tar.gz"</SPAN
>. The rest of the commands can be just
copied. And... you must (obviously) change 9 to read 8.0 if you are building
a Redhat 8.0 distribution.
</P
><P
> Again, before issuing the <EM
>make</EM
> command, you should modify the file
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>comps-milan.xml.in</TT
> using your favourite text editor and
following the guidelines and the suggestions found in <A
HREF="comps-file.html"
>The comps file</A
>
and on the
<A
HREF="http://rhlinux.redhat.com/anaconda/comps.html"
TARGET="_top"
>anaconda comps</A
>
section of the Redhat website.
</P
><P
> The script presented in the last section will execute all the steps needed after
the <EM
>make</EM
> command, using the <EM
>COMPSFILE</EM
>
variable to find the <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>comps-milan.xml</TT
> file (it doesn't need
to have that name, I'm just using the original name, but you can change it if
you want).
</P
><P
> If you are using Redhat 7.3, the <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>comps</TT
> file (have you noticed
the different name...) is a textual file with a completely different syntax described
in some more detail in <A
HREF="comps-file.html"
>The comps file</A
>. In this case, the only necessary
operations are modifying the file to suit your needs and copying it to the
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>RedHat/base/comps</TT
> file in the main tree overwriting the original
one.
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT4"
><H4
CLASS="SECT4"
><A
NAME="AEN575"
></A
>5.3.3.4. Rebuilding the installer</H4
><P
> This will rebuild the anaconda installer in your local copy of the distribution
using your updated packages.
For Redhat 9 execute:
<TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><FONT
COLOR="#000000"
><PRE
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
> $ /usr/lib/anaconda-runtime/buildinstall \
--pkgorder /absolute-path-to-toplevel-dir/pkgorder.txt \
--comp dist-9 --product "Red Hat Linux" --version 9 \
--release "Redhat 9 (Shrike)" /absolute-path-to-toplevel-dir/i386
</PRE
></FONT
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
>
Where, once again, <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"/absolute-path-to-toplevel-dir"</SPAN
> is
the directory where the root of your local copy of the distribution is located.
</P
><P
> For Redhat 8.0, the procedure is pretty much the same (the <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"--product"</SPAN
>
option is missing):
<TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><FONT
COLOR="#000000"
><PRE
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
> $ /usr/lib/anaconda-runtime/buildinstall \
--pkgorder /absolute-path-to-toplevel-dir/pkgorder.txt \
--comp dist-8.0 --version 8.0 --release "Redhat 8.0 (Psyche)" \
/absolute-path-to-toplevel-dir/i386
</PRE
></FONT
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
>
</P
><P
> Or if you are still using Redhat 7.3 (as I am):
<TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><FONT
COLOR="#000000"
><PRE
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
> $ /usr/lib/anaconda-runtime/buildinstall \
--pkgorder /absolute-path-to-toplevel-dir/pkgorder.txt \
--comp dist-7.3 --version 7.3 /absolute-path-to-toplevel-dir/i386
</PRE
></FONT
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
>
</P
><P
> The absence of the (mandatory in 8.0) <EM
>--release</EM
> option
is the only noticeable difference.
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT4"
><H4
CLASS="SECT4"
><A
NAME="AEN587"
></A
>5.3.3.5. Split the distribution</H4
><P
> This will create five directories, each one corresponding to a different
CD and will put in them hard links to the real files contained in your local
copy of the distribution.
<DIV
CLASS="NOTE"
><P
></P
><TABLE
CLASS="NOTE"
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="25"
ALIGN="CENTER"
VALIGN="TOP"
><IMG
SRC="../images/note.gif"
HSPACE="5"
ALT="Note"></TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="TOP"
><P
> This will not work at all for Redhat 7.3 if you don't use the modified
version of the <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>splitdistro</TT
> script reported in the next
paragraph. For Redhat 8.0 and 9, a modified version of
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>splitdistro</TT
> is provided mainly because even if the problems
in the previous script were fixed, the execution now fails if there are
not enough packages to fill all the CDs (the first four completely and the
last one even just partly).
</P
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
>
<TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><FONT
COLOR="#000000"
><PRE
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
> $ $/usr/lib/anaconda-runtime/splitdistro \
--fileorder /absolute-path-to-toplevel-dir/pkgorder.txt --release \
"Redhat 9 (Shrike)" /absolute-path-to-toplevel-dir i386
</PRE
></FONT
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
>
The only thing you need to change for 8.0 and 7.3 is the string passed to the
<EM
>--release</EM
> option (which should read
<SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"Redhat 8.0 (Psyche)"</SPAN
> or <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"Redhat 7.3 (Valhalla)"</SPAN
>)
</P
><P
> For Redhat 7.3 the version of the
<A
HREF="rhcd-scripts/splitdistro7.3"
TARGET="_top"
> splitdistro7.3</A
> (python) script used was extracted from the
<EM
>anaconda-runtime 7.3.7</EM
> package and modified by me.
You should sustitute it to the original one (maybe after copying the latter)
named <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/usr/lib/anaconda-runtime/splitdistro</TT
>.
</P
><P
> The only modification (apart from some small fixes), the script went through,
is a change in its behaviour if the <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>SRPMS</TT
> directory is not
found (doesn't terminate, but generate the CDs without source packages).
</P
><P
> For Redhat 8.0 the version of the
<A
HREF="rhcd-scripts/splitdistro8.0"
TARGET="_top"
> splitdistro8.0</A
> (python) script used was extracted from the
<EM
>anaconda-runtime 8.0.4</EM
> package and modified once again by
me to obtain some improvements I felt the need for. You should sustitute it to
the original one (maybe after copying the latter somewhere) named
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/usr/lib/anaconda-runtime/splitdistro</TT
>. Anyway, the original
one works well, if you want to build a distribution which has all the
<EM
>SRPMS</EM
> packages (so to fill all the 5 CDs otherwise the
script will fail).
</P
><P
> The only modification the script went through is a change in its behaviour
if the <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>SRPMS</TT
> directory is not found (doesn't terminate
failing, but generates the CDs without source packages) or there is one CD which
hasn't any package on it (instead of failing, generates an empty directory).
</P
><P
> For Redhat 9 you can find a copy of the script with the same modifications
applied to the version included in release 8.0 here:
<A
HREF="rhcd-scripts/splitdistro9"
TARGET="_top"
>splitdistro9</A
>. Everything said
for Redhat 8.0 in the previous paragraph applies to release 9.
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT4"
><H4
CLASS="SECT4"
><A
NAME="AEN613"
></A
>5.3.3.6. Regenerating the hdlist and hdlist2 files</H4
><P
> This is needed to recreate the hdlist and hdlist2 files, using some of
the informations obtained in the previous steps. There are no differences
between 7.3, 8.0 and 9 for this execution of the program
The command to issue is the following:
<TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><FONT
COLOR="#000000"
><PRE
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
> $ /usr/lib/anaconda-runtime/genhdlist \
--fileorder /absolute-path-to-toplevel-dir/pkgorder.txt --withnumbers \
/absolute-path-to-toplevel-dir/i386-disc[1-3]
</PRE
></FONT
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
>
As you can see, there are two new options passed to the program, if you remember
the first run of it. The first one, <EM
>--fileorder</EM
>, tells genhdlist
to use the file <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>pkgorder.txt</TT
> we generated in the second
step (rebuild the installer). This file keeps informations on how the packages
were split on the different CDs and is used by the installer to determine in which
order the packages should be installed. Basically, if you avoid using it, you will
(probably) end up swapping the various CDs many times during the installation.
The <EM
>--withnumbers</EM
> option is needed to associate a CD number to
every package (as you can see, a wildcard indicating the first 3 iso images is
used).
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT4"
><H4
CLASS="SECT4"
><A
NAME="AEN620"
></A
>5.3.3.7. Generating the iso images</H4
><P
> Here you will prepare the iso images to be burned on the actual CDs. There are
two different commands to be used for the first disc and for the rest of them.
This is due to the need of obtaining a first CD which is bootable. This is
actually, not strictly necessary, because you could use a boot floppy instead
of it, but it's definitely a nifty feature (and makes your discs more similar
in behaviour to the original ones). These are the commands I use to complete
the task:
</P
><P
> <TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><FONT
COLOR="#000000"
><PRE
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
> $ mkdir /images-destination-dir
$ mkisofs -r -J -T -v -V "Red Hat 9 (Shrike) disc 1" \
-c isolinux/boot.cat -b isolinux/isolinux.bin -no-emul-boot \
-boot-load-size 4 -boot-info-table -o /images-destination-dir/i386-disc1.iso .
</PRE
></FONT
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
>
This is needed to burn the first (bootable) disc for RedHat 8.0 and 9 (with no floppy
emulation) and is executed from the top level directory of the distribution. The
<TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/images-destination-dir</TT
> directory is
the container for the five iso images you are generating, and it must exist
before starting the procedure. The only thing which needs to be changed for Redhat 8.0
is the volume name (it should be "Red Hat 8.0 (Psyche) disc 1").
</P
><P
> <TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><FONT
COLOR="#000000"
><PRE
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
> $ mkdir /images-destination-dir
$ mkisofs -r -J -T -v -V "Red Hat 7.3 (Valhalla) disc 1" \
-c boot.cat -b dosutils/autoboot/boot.img \
-o /images-destination-dir/i386-disc1.iso .
</PRE
></FONT
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
>
This is needed to burn the first (bootable) disc on 7.3 and is executed from
the top level directory of the distribution (this time with floppy emulation).
</P
><P
> The rest of the images can be written by means of this <SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"for"</SPAN
> loop
<TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><FONT
COLOR="#000000"
><PRE
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
> $ for i in `echo 2 3 4 5` ; do mkisofs -r -J -T -v \
-V "Red Hat 9 (Shrike) disc ${i}" \
-o /images-destination-dir/i386-disc${i}.iso . ; done
</PRE
></FONT
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
>
The loop just presented will prepare the last four images giving them the
correct numbers. As you can see, there are just two missing options from the
first run, and, as you can guess, they are needed only to create a bootable
CD. In <A
HREF="include-updates.html#ISO-IMAGE-CREATE"
>Creating the CD iso image</A
>, you can read a brief explanation of
the various options and their meanings (most of it was extracted from the man page).
Again if you are building a Redhat 8.0 you should change the volume name to read
"Red Hat 8.0 (Psyche) disc ${i}".
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT4"
><H4
CLASS="SECT4"
><A
NAME="AEN632"
></A
>5.3.3.8. Implant and check the md5 signatures in the iso images</H4
><P
> This is actually an optional step but it permits the use of the
<SPAN
CLASS="QUOTE"
>"checkmedia"</SPAN
> option to verify the CDs signatures before installing
them, so to guarantee their correctness.
</P
><P
> The following commands permit to inject and verify an md5 signature on an iso
image:
<TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><FONT
COLOR="#000000"
><PRE
CLASS="PROGRAMLISTING"
> $ /usr/lib/anaconda-runtime/implantisomd5 iso-image
$ /usr/lib/anaconda-runtime/checkisomd5 iso-image
</PRE
></FONT
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
>
</P
><P
> After completing all these steps, we will find ourselves with the five CD images
to burn. Considering that typing all this stuff is a bit time consuming, in the
next section is presented a script, which will complete all of the listed
operations in a single run (do not forget to configure the parameters properly).
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="SECT4"
><H4
CLASS="SECT4"
><A
NAME="UPDATEBUILD-SCRIPT"
></A
>5.3.3.9. Putting all the steps together</H4
><P
> The
<A
HREF="rhcd-scripts/updateBuild.sh"
TARGET="_top"
> updateBuild.sh</A
> script will execute all the steps needed to rebuild the
distribution CDs for RedHat 7.3, 8.0 or 9 in a single run (as root). Before using this
script you have to configure the <A
HREF="rhcd-scripts/rhcd.conf"
TARGET="_top"
> rhcd.conf</A
> configuration file after exporting a <EM
>RHCDPATH</EM
>
variable pointing to the directory where this file is. If you want to include
a modified <EM
>comps.xml</EM
> (or <EM
>comps</EM
>)
file in your CDs as explained in <A
HREF="comps-file.html"
>The comps file</A
>, you should
copy it into the location defined by means of the
<EM
>COMPSFILE</EM
> variable now (before executing the script).
Don't forget to add the modified <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>splitdistro</TT
> script
to the <TT
CLASS="FILENAME"
>/usr/lib/anaconda-runtime</TT
>
directory if you need it.
</P
><P
> <TABLE
BORDER="1"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><FONT
COLOR="#000000"
><PRE
CLASS="SCREEN"
> # export RHCDPATH=/home/luigi/tmp/rhcd-scripts
# sh updateBuild.sh
</PRE
></FONT
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
>
</P
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