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php-manual-zh-5.2.4-1mdv2008.1.noarch.rpm

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><DIV
CLASS="TITLEPAGE"
><H1
CLASS="title"
>CXLVI. Semaphore, Shared Memory and IPC Functions</H1
><DIV
CLASS="PARTINTRO"
><A
NAME="AEN205365"
></A
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H1
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="sem.intro"
>简介</A
></H1
><P
>&#13;     This module provides wrappers for the System V IPC family of functions.
     It includes semaphores, shared memory and inter-process messaging (IPC).
    </P
><P
>&#13;     Semaphores may be used to provide exclusive access to
     resources on the current machine, or to limit the number of
     processes that may simultaneously use a resource.
    </P
><P
>&#13;     This module provides also shared memory functions using System V
     shared memory. Shared memory may be used to provide access to
     global variables. Different httpd-daemons and even other programs
     (such as Perl, C, ...) are able to access this data to provide a
     global data-exchange. Remember, that shared memory is NOT safe
     against simultaneous access. Use semaphores for synchronization.
     <DIV
CLASS="table"
><A
NAME="AEN205371"
></A
><P
><B
>表 1. Limits of Shared Memory by the Unix OS</B
></P
><TABLE
BORDER="1"
CLASS="CALSTABLE"
><COL><COL><TBODY
><TR
><TD
>SHMMAX</TD
><TD
>max size of shared memory, normally 131072 bytes</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
>SHMMIN</TD
><TD
>minimum size of shared memory, normally 1 byte</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
>SHMMNI</TD
><TD
>&#13;          max amount of shared memory segments on a system,
          normally 100
         </TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
>SHMSEG</TD
><TD
>&#13;          max amount of shared memory segments per process, normally 6
         </TD
></TR
></TBODY
></TABLE
></DIV
>
    </P
><P
>&#13;     The messaging functions may be used to send and receive messages to/from
     other processes. They provide a simple and effective means of exchanging
     data between processes, without the need for setting up an alternative
     using Unix domain sockets.
    </P
><DIV
CLASS="note"
><BLOCKQUOTE
CLASS="note"
><P
><B
>注意: </B
>本扩展模块在 Windows 平台下不可用。</P
></BLOCKQUOTE
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H1
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="sem.requirements"
>需求</A
></H1
><P
>要编译本扩展模块无需外部库文件。</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H1
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="sem.installation"
>安装</A
></H1
><P
>&#13;  Support for this functions are not enabled by default.
  To enable System V semaphore support compile PHP with the option
  <CODE
CLASS="option"
>--enable-sysvsem</CODE
>.
  To enable the System V shared memory support compile PHP with the option
  <CODE
CLASS="option"
>--enable-sysvshm</CODE
>.
  To enable the System V messages support compile PHP with the option
  <CODE
CLASS="option"
>--enable-sysvmsg</CODE
>.
 </P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H1
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="sem.configuration"
>运行时配置</A
></H1
><P
>这些函数的行为受 <TT
CLASS="filename"
>php.ini</TT
> 的影响。</P
><P
>&#13;  <DIV
CLASS="table"
><A
NAME="AEN205404"
></A
><P
><B
>表 2. Semaphore Configuration Options</B
></P
><TABLE
BORDER="1"
CLASS="CALSTABLE"
><COL><COL><COL><COL><THEAD
><TR
><TH
>Name</TH
><TH
>Default</TH
><TH
>Changeable</TH
><TH
>Changelog</TH
></TR
></THEAD
><TBODY
><TR
><TD
>sysvmsg.value</TD
><TD
>"42"</TD
><TD
>PHP_INI_ALL</TD
><TD
>&nbsp;</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
>sysvmsg.string</TD
><TD
>"foobar"</TD
><TD
>PHP_INI_ALL</TD
><TD
>&nbsp;</TD
></TR
></TBODY
></TABLE
></DIV
>
 有关 PHP_INI_* 常量进一步的细节与定义参见<A
HREF="ini.html"
>附录 H</A
>。
 </P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H1
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="sem.resources"
>资源类型</A
></H1
><P
>&#13;     
    </P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H1
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="sem.constants"
>预定义常量</A
></H1
><P
>以下常量由本扩展模块定义，因此只有在本扩展模块被编译到
PHP 中，或者在运行时被动态加载后才有效。</P
><P
>&#13;  <DIV
CLASS="table"
><A
NAME="AEN205432"
></A
><P
><B
>表 3. System V message constants</B
></P
><TABLE
BORDER="1"
CLASS="CALSTABLE"
><COL><COL><COL><THEAD
><TR
><TH
>Constant</TH
><TH
>Type</TH
><TH
>Changelog</TH
></TR
></THEAD
><TBODY
><TR
><TD
>MSG_IPC_NOWAIT</TD
><TD
><A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
><B
CLASS="type"
>integer</B
></A
></TD
><TD
>&nbsp;</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
>MSG_EAGAIN</TD
><TD
><A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
><B
CLASS="type"
>integer</B
></A
></TD
><TD
>As of 5.2.0</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
>MSG_ENOMSG</TD
><TD
><A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
><B
CLASS="type"
>integer</B
></A
></TD
><TD
>As of 5.2.0</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
>MSG_NOERROR</TD
><TD
><A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
><B
CLASS="type"
>integer</B
></A
></TD
><TD
>&nbsp;</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
>MSG_EXCEPT</TD
><TD
><A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
><B
CLASS="type"
>integer</B
></A
></TD
><TD
>&nbsp;</TD
></TR
></TBODY
></TABLE
></DIV
>
 </P
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="TOC"
><DL
><DT
><B
>目录</B
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.ftok.html"
>ftok</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;
     Convert a pathname and a project identifier to a System V IPC key
    </DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.msg-get-queue.html"
>msg_get_queue</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;
     Create or attach to a message queue
    </DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.msg-receive.html"
>msg_receive</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;
     Receive a message from a message queue
    </DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.msg-remove-queue.html"
>msg_remove_queue</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;
     Destroy a message queue
    </DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.msg-send.html"
>msg_send</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;
     Send a message to a message queue
    </DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.msg-set-queue.html"
>msg_set_queue</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;
     Set information in the message queue data structure
    </DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.msg-stat-queue.html"
>msg_stat_queue</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;
     Returns information from the message queue data structure
    </DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.sem-acquire.html"
>sem_acquire</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Acquire a semaphore</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.sem-get.html"
>sem_get</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Get a semaphore id</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.sem-release.html"
>sem_release</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Release a semaphore</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.sem-remove.html"
>sem_remove</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Remove a semaphore</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.shm-attach.html"
>shm_attach</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Creates or open a shared memory segment</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.shm-detach.html"
>shm_detach</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Disconnects from shared memory segment</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.shm-get-var.html"
>shm_get_var</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Returns a variable from shared memory</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.shm-put-var.html"
>shm_put_var</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;
      Inserts or updates a variable in shared memory
    </DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.shm-remove-var.html"
>shm_remove_var</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Removes a variable from shared memory
    </DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.shm-remove.html"
>shm_remove</A
>&nbsp;--&nbsp;Removes shared memory from Unix systems</DT
></DL
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