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>章 19. 类与对象（PHP 5）</TD
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><DIV
CLASS="sect1"
><H1
CLASS="sect1"
><A
NAME="language.oop5.reflection"
>Reflection</A
></H1
><DIV
CLASS="sect2"
><H2
CLASS="sect2"
><A
NAME="language.oop5.reflection.introduction"
>Introduction</A
></H2
><P
> PHP 5 comes with a complete reflection API that adds the ability to
reverse-engineer classes, interfaces, functions and methods as well
as extensions. Additionally, the reflection API also offers ways of
retrieving doc comments for functions, classes and methods.
</P
><P
> The reflection API is an object-oriented extension to the Zend Engine,
consisting of the following classes:
</P
><DIV
CLASS="informalexample"
><P
></P
><A
NAME="AEN6110"
></A
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
CELLPADDING="5"
><TR
><TD
><code><font color="#000000">
<font color="#0000BB"><?php<br /></font><font color="#007700">class </font><font color="#0000BB">Reflection </font><font color="#007700">{ }<br /></font><font color="#0000BB">interface Reflector </font><font color="#007700">{ }<br />class </font><font color="#0000BB">ReflectionException </font><font color="#007700">extends </font><font color="#0000BB">Exception </font><font color="#007700">{ }<br />class </font><font color="#0000BB">ReflectionFunction </font><font color="#007700">extends </font><font color="#0000BB">ReflectionFunctionAbstract implements Reflector </font><font color="#007700">{ }<br />class </font><font color="#0000BB">ReflectionParameter implements Reflector </font><font color="#007700">{ }<br />class </font><font color="#0000BB">ReflectionMethod </font><font color="#007700">extends </font><font color="#0000BB">ReflectionFunctionAbstract implements Reflector </font><font color="#007700">{ }<br />class </font><font color="#0000BB">ReflectionClass implements Reflector </font><font color="#007700">{ }<br />class </font><font color="#0000BB">ReflectionObject </font><font color="#007700">extends </font><font color="#0000BB">ReflectionClass </font><font color="#007700">{ }<br />class </font><font color="#0000BB">ReflectionProperty implements Reflector </font><font color="#007700">{ }<br />class </font><font color="#0000BB">ReflectionExtension implements Reflector </font><font color="#007700">{ }<br /></font><font color="#0000BB">?></font>
</font>
</code></TD
></TR
></TABLE
><P
></P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="note"
><BLOCKQUOTE
CLASS="note"
><P
><B
>注意: </B
>
For details on these classes, have a look at the next chapters.
</P
></BLOCKQUOTE
></DIV
><P
> If we were to execute the code in the example below:
<TABLE
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
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CLASS="EXAMPLE"
><TR
><TD
><DIV
CLASS="example"
><A
NAME="AEN6115"
></A
><P
><B
>例 19-33. Basic usage of the reflection API</B
></P
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
CELLPADDING="5"
><TR
><TD
><code><font color="#000000">
<font color="#0000BB"><?php<br />Reflection</font><font color="#007700">::</font><font color="#0000BB">export</font><font color="#007700">(new </font><font color="#0000BB">ReflectionClass</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#DD0000">'Exception'</font><font color="#007700">));<br /></font><font color="#0000BB">?></font>
</font>
</code></TD
></TR
></TABLE
><P
>上例将输出：</P
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
CELLPADDING="5"
><TR
><TD
><PRE
CLASS="screen"
>Class [ <internal> class Exception ] {
- Constants [0] {
}
- Static properties [0] {
}
- Static methods [0] {
}
- Properties [6] {
Property [ <default> protected $message ]
Property [ <default> private $string ]
Property [ <default> protected $code ]
Property [ <default> protected $file ]
Property [ <default> protected $line ]
Property [ <default> private $trace ]
}
- Methods [9] {
Method [ <internal> final private method __clone ] {
}
Method [ <internal> <ctor> public method __construct ] {
- Parameters [2] {
Parameter #0 [ <required> $message ]
Parameter #1 [ <required> $code ]
}
}
Method [ <internal> final public method getMessage ] {
}
Method [ <internal> final public method getCode ] {
}
Method [ <internal> final public method getFile ] {
}
Method [ <internal> final public method getLine ] {
}
Method [ <internal> final public method getTrace ] {
}
Method [ <internal> final public method getTraceAsString ] {
}
Method [ <internal> public method __toString ] {
}
}
}</PRE
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
>
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="sect2"
><H2
CLASS="sect2"
><A
NAME="language.oop5.reflection.reflectionexception"
><B
CLASS="classname"
>ReflectionException</B
></A
></H2
><P
> <B
CLASS="classname"
>ReflectionException</B
> extends the standard <A
HREF="language.exceptions.html"
>Exception</A
> and is thrown by Reflection
API. No specific methods or properties are introduced.
</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="sect2"
><H2
CLASS="sect2"
><A
NAME="language.oop5.reflection.reflectionfunction"
><B
CLASS="classname"
>ReflectionFunction</B
></A
></H2
><P
> The <B
CLASS="classname"
>ReflectionFunction</B
> class lets you
reverse-engineer functions.
</P
><DIV
CLASS="informalexample"
><P
></P
><A
NAME="AEN6131"
></A
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
CELLPADDING="5"
><TR
><TD
><code><font color="#000000">
<font color="#0000BB"><?php<br /></font><font color="#007700">class </font><font color="#0000BB">ReflectionFunction </font><font color="#007700">extends </font><font color="#0000BB">ReflectionFunctionAbstract implements Reflector<br /></font><font color="#007700">{<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">final private __clone</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public object __construct</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">string name</font><font color="#007700">)<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public string __toString</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public </font><font color="#007700">static </font><font color="#0000BB">string export</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">string name</font><font color="#007700">, </font><font color="#0000BB">bool </font><font color="#007700">return)<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public string getName</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public bool isInternal</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public bool isUserDefined</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public string getFileName</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public int getStartLine</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public int getEndLine</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public string getDocComment</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public </font><font color="#007700">array </font><font color="#0000BB">getStaticVariables</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public mixed invoke</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">mixed args</font><font color="#007700">)<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public mixed invokeArgs</font><font color="#007700">(array </font><font color="#0000BB">args</font><font color="#007700">)<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public bool returnsReference</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public ReflectionParameter</font><font color="#007700">[] </font><font color="#0000BB">getParameters</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public int getNumberOfParameters</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public int getNumberOfRequiredParameters</font><font color="#007700">()<br />}<br /></font><font color="#0000BB">?></font>
</font>
</code></TD
></TR
></TABLE
><P
></P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="note"
><BLOCKQUOTE
CLASS="note"
><P
><B
>注意: </B
>
<B
CLASS="function"
>getNumberOfParameters()</B
> and
<B
CLASS="function"
>getNumberOfRequiredParameters()</B
> were added in PHP
5.0.3, while <B
CLASS="function"
>invokeArgs()</B
> was added in PHP 5.1.0.
</P
></BLOCKQUOTE
></DIV
><P
> To introspect a function, you will first have to create an instance
of the <B
CLASS="classname"
>ReflectionFunction</B
> class. You can then call
any of the above methods on this instance.
</P
><TABLE
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
CELLPADDING="0"
CELLSPACING="0"
CLASS="EXAMPLE"
><TR
><TD
><DIV
CLASS="example"
><A
NAME="AEN6140"
></A
><P
><B
>例 19-34. Using the <B
CLASS="classname"
>ReflectionFunction</B
> class</B
></P
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
CELLPADDING="5"
><TR
><TD
><code><font color="#000000">
<font color="#0000BB"><?php<br /></font><font color="#FF8000">/**<br /> * A simple counter<br /> *<br /> * @return int<br /> */<br /></font><font color="#007700">function </font><font color="#0000BB">counter</font><font color="#007700">() <br />{<br /> static </font><font color="#0000BB">$c </font><font color="#007700">= </font><font color="#0000BB">0</font><font color="#007700">;<br /> return </font><font color="#0000BB">$c</font><font color="#007700">++;<br />}<br /><br /></font><font color="#FF8000">// Create an instance of the Reflection_Function class<br /></font><font color="#0000BB">$func </font><font color="#007700">= new </font><font color="#0000BB">ReflectionFunction</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#DD0000">'counter'</font><font color="#007700">);<br /><br /></font><font color="#FF8000">// Print out basic information<br /></font><font color="#0000BB">printf</font><font color="#007700">(<br /> </font><font color="#DD0000">"===> The %s function '%s'\n"</font><font color="#007700">.<br /> </font><font color="#DD0000">" declared in %s\n"</font><font color="#007700">.<br /> </font><font color="#DD0000">" lines %d to %d\n"</font><font color="#007700">,<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">$func</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">isInternal</font><font color="#007700">() ? </font><font color="#DD0000">'internal' </font><font color="#007700">: </font><font color="#DD0000">'user-defined'</font><font color="#007700">,<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">$func</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">getName</font><font color="#007700">(),<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">$func</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">getFileName</font><font color="#007700">(),<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">$func</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">getStartLine</font><font color="#007700">(),<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">$func</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">getEndline</font><font color="#007700">()<br />);<br /><br /></font><font color="#FF8000">// Print documentation comment<br /></font><font color="#0000BB">printf</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#DD0000">"---> Documentation:\n %s\n"</font><font color="#007700">, </font><font color="#0000BB">var_export</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">$func</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">getDocComment</font><font color="#007700">(), </font><font color="#0000BB">1</font><font color="#007700">));<br /><br /></font><font color="#FF8000">// Print static variables if existant<br /></font><font color="#007700">if (</font><font color="#0000BB">$statics </font><font color="#007700">= </font><font color="#0000BB">$func</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">getStaticVariables</font><font color="#007700">())<br />{<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">printf</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#DD0000">"---> Static variables: %s\n"</font><font color="#007700">, </font><font color="#0000BB">var_export</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">$statics</font><font color="#007700">, </font><font color="#0000BB">1</font><font color="#007700">));<br />}<br /><br /></font><font color="#FF8000">// Invoke the function<br /></font><font color="#0000BB">printf</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#DD0000">"---> Invokation results in: "</font><font color="#007700">);<br /></font><font color="#0000BB">var_dump</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">$func</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">invoke</font><font color="#007700">());<br /><br /><br /></font><font color="#FF8000">// you may prefer to use the export() method<br /></font><font color="#007700">echo </font><font color="#DD0000">"\nReflectionFunction::export() results:\n"</font><font color="#007700">;<br />echo </font><font color="#0000BB">ReflectionFunction</font><font color="#007700">::</font><font color="#0000BB">export</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#DD0000">'counter'</font><font color="#007700">);<br /></font><font color="#0000BB">?></font>
</font>
</code></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
><DIV
CLASS="note"
><BLOCKQUOTE
CLASS="note"
><P
><B
>注意: </B
>
The method <B
CLASS="function"
>invoke()</B
> accepts a variable number of
arguments which are passed to the function just as in
<A
HREF="function.call-user-func.html"
><B
CLASS="function"
>call_user_func()</B
></A
>.
</P
></BLOCKQUOTE
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="sect2"
><H2
CLASS="sect2"
><A
NAME="language.oop5.reflection.reflectionparameter"
><B
CLASS="classname"
>ReflectionParameter</B
></A
></H2
><P
> The <B
CLASS="classname"
>ReflectionParameter</B
> class retrieves
information about a function's or method's parameters.
</P
><DIV
CLASS="informalexample"
><P
></P
><A
NAME="AEN6153"
></A
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
CELLPADDING="5"
><TR
><TD
><code><font color="#000000">
<font color="#0000BB"><?php<br /></font><font color="#007700">class </font><font color="#0000BB">ReflectionParameter implements Reflector<br /></font><font color="#007700">{<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">final private __clone</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public object __construct</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">string name</font><font color="#007700">)<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public string __toString</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public </font><font color="#007700">static </font><font color="#0000BB">string export</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">mixed </font><font color="#007700">function, </font><font color="#0000BB">mixed parameter</font><font color="#007700">, </font><font color="#0000BB">bool </font><font color="#007700">return)<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public string getName</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public bool isPassedByReference</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public ReflectionFunction getDeclaringFunction</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public ReflectionClass getDeclaringClass</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public ReflectionClass getClass</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public bool isArray</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public bool allowsNull</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public bool isPassedByReference</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public bool getPosition</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public bool isOptional</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public bool isDefaultValueAvailable</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public mixed getDefaultValue</font><font color="#007700">()<br />}<br /></font><font color="#0000BB">?></font>
</font>
</code></TD
></TR
></TABLE
><P
></P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="note"
><BLOCKQUOTE
CLASS="note"
><P
><B
>注意: </B
>
<B
CLASS="function"
>getDefaultValue()</B
>,
<B
CLASS="function"
>isDefaultValueAvailable()</B
> and
<B
CLASS="function"
>isOptional()</B
> were added in PHP 5.0.3,
while <B
CLASS="function"
>isArray()</B
> was added in PHP 5.1.0.
<B
CLASS="function"
>getDeclaringFunction()</B
> and
<B
CLASS="function"
>getPosition()</B
> were added in PHP 5.1.3.
</P
></BLOCKQUOTE
></DIV
><P
> To introspect function parameters, you will first have to create an instance
of the <B
CLASS="classname"
>ReflectionFunction</B
> or
<B
CLASS="classname"
>ReflectionMethod</B
> classes and then use their
<B
CLASS="function"
>getParameters()</B
> method to retrieve an array of parameters.
</P
><TABLE
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
CELLPADDING="0"
CELLSPACING="0"
CLASS="EXAMPLE"
><TR
><TD
><DIV
CLASS="example"
><A
NAME="AEN6167"
></A
><P
><B
>例 19-35. Using the <B
CLASS="classname"
>ReflectionParameter</B
> class</B
></P
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
CELLPADDING="5"
><TR
><TD
><code><font color="#000000">
<font color="#0000BB"><?php<br /></font><font color="#007700">function </font><font color="#0000BB">foo</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">$a</font><font color="#007700">, </font><font color="#0000BB">$b</font><font color="#007700">, </font><font color="#0000BB">$c</font><font color="#007700">) { }<br />function </font><font color="#0000BB">bar</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">Exception $a</font><font color="#007700">, &</font><font color="#0000BB">$b</font><font color="#007700">, </font><font color="#0000BB">$c</font><font color="#007700">) { }<br />function </font><font color="#0000BB">baz</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">ReflectionFunction $a</font><font color="#007700">, </font><font color="#0000BB">$b </font><font color="#007700">= </font><font color="#0000BB">1</font><font color="#007700">, </font><font color="#0000BB">$c </font><font color="#007700">= </font><font color="#0000BB">null</font><font color="#007700">) { }<br />function </font><font color="#0000BB">abc</font><font color="#007700">() { }<br /><br /></font><font color="#FF8000">// Create an instance of Reflection_Function with the<br />// parameter given from the command line. <br /></font><font color="#0000BB">$reflect </font><font color="#007700">= new </font><font color="#0000BB">ReflectionFunction</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">$argv</font><font color="#007700">[</font><font color="#0000BB">1</font><font color="#007700">]);<br /><br />echo </font><font color="#0000BB">$reflect</font><font color="#007700">;<br /><br />foreach (</font><font color="#0000BB">$reflect</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">getParameters</font><font color="#007700">() as </font><font color="#0000BB">$i </font><font color="#007700">=> </font><font color="#0000BB">$param</font><font color="#007700">) {<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">printf</font><font color="#007700">(<br /> </font><font color="#DD0000">"-- Parameter #%d: %s {\n"</font><font color="#007700">.<br /> </font><font color="#DD0000">" Class: %s\n"</font><font color="#007700">.<br /> </font><font color="#DD0000">" Allows NULL: %s\n"</font><font color="#007700">.<br /> </font><font color="#DD0000">" Passed to by reference: %s\n"</font><font color="#007700">.<br /> </font><font color="#DD0000">" Is optional?: %s\n"</font><font color="#007700">.<br /> </font><font color="#DD0000">"}\n"</font><font color="#007700">,<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">$i</font><font color="#007700">, <br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">$param</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">getName</font><font color="#007700">(),<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">var_export</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">$param</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">getClass</font><font color="#007700">(), </font><font color="#0000BB">1</font><font color="#007700">),<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">var_export</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">$param</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">allowsNull</font><font color="#007700">(), </font><font color="#0000BB">1</font><font color="#007700">),<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">var_export</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">$param</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">isPassedByReference</font><font color="#007700">(), </font><font color="#0000BB">1</font><font color="#007700">),<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">$param</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">isOptional</font><font color="#007700">() ? </font><font color="#DD0000">'yes' </font><font color="#007700">: </font><font color="#DD0000">'no'<br /> </font><font color="#007700">);<br />}<br /></font><font color="#0000BB">?></font>
</font>
</code></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="sect2"
><H2
CLASS="sect2"
><A
NAME="language.oop5.reflection.reflectionclass"
><B
CLASS="classname"
>ReflectionClass</B
></A
></H2
><P
> The <B
CLASS="classname"
>ReflectionClass</B
> class lets
you reverse-engineer classes.
</P
><DIV
CLASS="informalexample"
><P
></P
><A
NAME="AEN6176"
></A
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
CELLPADDING="5"
><TR
><TD
><code><font color="#000000">
<font color="#0000BB"><?php<br /></font><font color="#007700">class </font><font color="#0000BB">ReflectionClass implements Reflector<br /></font><font color="#007700">{<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">final private __clone</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public object __construct</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">string name</font><font color="#007700">)<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public string __toString</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public </font><font color="#007700">static </font><font color="#0000BB">string export</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">mixed </font><font color="#007700">class, </font><font color="#0000BB">bool </font><font color="#007700">return)<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public string getName</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public bool isInternal</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public bool isUserDefined</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public bool isInstantiable</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public bool hasConstant</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">string name</font><font color="#007700">)<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public bool hasMethod</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">string name</font><font color="#007700">)<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public bool hasProperty</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">string name</font><font color="#007700">)<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public string getFileName</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public int getStartLine</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public int getEndLine</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public string getDocComment</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public ReflectionMethod getConstructor</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public ReflectionMethod getMethod</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">string name</font><font color="#007700">)<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public ReflectionMethod</font><font color="#007700">[] </font><font color="#0000BB">getMethods</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public ReflectionProperty getProperty</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">string name</font><font color="#007700">)<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public ReflectionProperty</font><font color="#007700">[] </font><font color="#0000BB">getProperties</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public </font><font color="#007700">array </font><font color="#0000BB">getConstants</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public mixed getConstant</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">string name</font><font color="#007700">)<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public ReflectionClass</font><font color="#007700">[] </font><font color="#0000BB">getInterfaces</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public bool isInterface</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public bool isAbstract</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public bool isFinal</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public int getModifiers</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public bool isInstance</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">stdclass object</font><font color="#007700">)<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public stdclass newInstance</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">mixed args</font><font color="#007700">)<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public stdclass newInstanceArgs</font><font color="#007700">(array </font><font color="#0000BB">args</font><font color="#007700">)<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public ReflectionClass getParentClass</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public bool isSubclassOf</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">ReflectionClass </font><font color="#007700">class)<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public </font><font color="#007700">array </font><font color="#0000BB">getStaticProperties</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public mixed getStaticPropertyValue</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">string name </font><font color="#007700">[, </font><font color="#0000BB">mixed </font><font color="#007700">default])<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public void setStaticPropertyValue</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">string name</font><font color="#007700">, </font><font color="#0000BB">mixed value</font><font color="#007700">)<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public </font><font color="#007700">array </font><font color="#0000BB">getDefaultProperties</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public bool isIterateable</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public bool implementsInterface</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">string name</font><font color="#007700">)<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public ReflectionExtension getExtension</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public string getExtensionName</font><font color="#007700">()<br />}<br /></font><font color="#0000BB">?></font>
</font>
</code></TD
></TR
></TABLE
><P
></P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="note"
><BLOCKQUOTE
CLASS="note"
><P
><B
>注意: </B
>
<B
CLASS="function"
>hasConstant()</B
>, <B
CLASS="function"
>hasMethod()</B
>,
<B
CLASS="function"
>hasProperty()</B
>, <B
CLASS="function"
>getStaticPropertyValue()</B
>
and <B
CLASS="function"
>setStaticPropertyValue()</B
> were added in PHP 5.1.0, while
<B
CLASS="function"
>newInstanceArgs()</B
> was added in PHP 5.1.3.
</P
></BLOCKQUOTE
></DIV
><P
> To introspect a class, you will first have to create an instance
of the <B
CLASS="classname"
>ReflectionClass</B
> class. You can then
call any of the above methods on this instance.
</P
><TABLE
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
CELLPADDING="0"
CELLSPACING="0"
CLASS="EXAMPLE"
><TR
><TD
><DIV
CLASS="example"
><A
NAME="AEN6188"
></A
><P
><B
>例 19-36. Using the <B
CLASS="classname"
>ReflectionClass</B
> class</B
></P
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
CELLPADDING="5"
><TR
><TD
><code><font color="#000000">
<font color="#0000BB"><?php<br />interface Serializable<br /></font><font color="#007700">{<br /> </font><font color="#FF8000">// ...<br /></font><font color="#007700">}<br /><br />class </font><font color="#0000BB">Object<br /></font><font color="#007700">{<br /> </font><font color="#FF8000">// ...<br /></font><font color="#007700">}<br /><br /></font><font color="#FF8000">/**<br /> * A counter class<br /> */<br /></font><font color="#007700">class </font><font color="#0000BB">Counter </font><font color="#007700">extends </font><font color="#0000BB">Object implements Serializable <br /></font><font color="#007700">{<br /> const </font><font color="#0000BB">START </font><font color="#007700">= </font><font color="#0000BB">0</font><font color="#007700">;<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">private </font><font color="#007700">static </font><font color="#0000BB">$c </font><font color="#007700">= </font><font color="#0000BB">Counter</font><font color="#007700">::</font><font color="#0000BB">START</font><font color="#007700">;<br /><br /> </font><font color="#FF8000">/**<br /> * Invoke counter<br /> *<br /> * @access public<br /> * @return int<br /> */<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public </font><font color="#007700">function </font><font color="#0000BB">count</font><font color="#007700">() {<br /> return </font><font color="#0000BB">self</font><font color="#007700">::</font><font color="#0000BB">$c</font><font color="#007700">++;<br /> }<br />}<br /><br /></font><font color="#FF8000">// Create an instance of the ReflectionClass class<br /></font><font color="#0000BB">$class </font><font color="#007700">= new </font><font color="#0000BB">ReflectionClass</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#DD0000">'Counter'</font><font color="#007700">);<br /><br /></font><font color="#FF8000">// Print out basic information<br /></font><font color="#0000BB">printf</font><font color="#007700">(<br /> </font><font color="#DD0000">"===> The %s%s%s %s '%s' [extends %s]\n" </font><font color="#007700">.<br /> </font><font color="#DD0000">" declared in %s\n" </font><font color="#007700">.<br /> </font><font color="#DD0000">" lines %d to %d\n" </font><font color="#007700">.<br /> </font><font color="#DD0000">" having the modifiers %d [%s]\n"</font><font color="#007700">,<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">$class</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">isInternal</font><font color="#007700">() ? </font><font color="#DD0000">'internal' </font><font color="#007700">: </font><font color="#DD0000">'user-defined'</font><font color="#007700">,<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">$class</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">isAbstract</font><font color="#007700">() ? </font><font color="#DD0000">' abstract' </font><font color="#007700">: </font><font color="#DD0000">''</font><font color="#007700">,<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">$class</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">isFinal</font><font color="#007700">() ? </font><font color="#DD0000">' final' </font><font color="#007700">: </font><font color="#DD0000">''</font><font color="#007700">,<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">$class</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">isInterface</font><font color="#007700">() ? </font><font color="#DD0000">'interface' </font><font color="#007700">: </font><font color="#DD0000">'class'</font><font color="#007700">,<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">$class</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">getName</font><font color="#007700">(),<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">var_export</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">$class</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">getParentClass</font><font color="#007700">(), </font><font color="#0000BB">1</font><font color="#007700">),<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">$class</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">getFileName</font><font color="#007700">(),<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">$class</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">getStartLine</font><font color="#007700">(),<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">$class</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">getEndline</font><font color="#007700">(),<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">$class</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">getModifiers</font><font color="#007700">(),<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">implode</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#DD0000">' '</font><font color="#007700">, </font><font color="#0000BB">Reflection</font><font color="#007700">::</font><font color="#0000BB">getModifierNames</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">$class</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">getModifiers</font><font color="#007700">()))<br />);<br /><br /></font><font color="#FF8000">// Print documentation comment<br /></font><font color="#0000BB">printf</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#DD0000">"---> Documentation:\n %s\n"</font><font color="#007700">, </font><font color="#0000BB">var_export</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">$class</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">getDocComment</font><font color="#007700">(), </font><font color="#0000BB">1</font><font color="#007700">));<br /><br /></font><font color="#FF8000">// Print which interfaces are implemented by this class<br /></font><font color="#0000BB">printf</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#DD0000">"---> Implements:\n %s\n"</font><font color="#007700">, </font><font color="#0000BB">var_export</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">$class</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">getInterfaces</font><font color="#007700">(), </font><font color="#0000BB">1</font><font color="#007700">));<br /><br /></font><font color="#FF8000">// Print class constants<br /></font><font color="#0000BB">printf</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#DD0000">"---> Constants: %s\n"</font><font color="#007700">, </font><font color="#0000BB">var_export</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">$class</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">getConstants</font><font color="#007700">(), </font><font color="#0000BB">1</font><font color="#007700">));<br /><br /></font><font color="#FF8000">// Print class properties<br /></font><font color="#0000BB">printf</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#DD0000">"---> Properties: %s\n"</font><font color="#007700">, </font><font color="#0000BB">var_export</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">$class</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">getProperties</font><font color="#007700">(), </font><font color="#0000BB">1</font><font color="#007700">));<br /><br /></font><font color="#FF8000">// Print class methods<br /></font><font color="#0000BB">printf</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#DD0000">"---> Methods: %s\n"</font><font color="#007700">, </font><font color="#0000BB">var_export</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">$class</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">getMethods</font><font color="#007700">(), </font><font color="#0000BB">1</font><font color="#007700">));<br /><br /></font><font color="#FF8000">// If this class is instantiable, create an instance<br /></font><font color="#007700">if (</font><font color="#0000BB">$class</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">isInstantiable</font><font color="#007700">()) {<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">$counter </font><font color="#007700">= </font><font color="#0000BB">$class</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">newInstance</font><font color="#007700">();<br /><br /> echo </font><font color="#DD0000">'---> $counter is instance? '</font><font color="#007700">; <br /> echo </font><font color="#0000BB">$class</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">isInstance</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">$counter</font><font color="#007700">) ? </font><font color="#DD0000">'yes' </font><font color="#007700">: </font><font color="#DD0000">'no'</font><font color="#007700">;<br /><br /> echo </font><font color="#DD0000">"\n---> new Object() is instance? "</font><font color="#007700">;<br /> echo </font><font color="#0000BB">$class</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">isInstance</font><font color="#007700">(new </font><font color="#0000BB">Object</font><font color="#007700">()) ? </font><font color="#DD0000">'yes' </font><font color="#007700">: </font><font color="#DD0000">'no'</font><font color="#007700">;<br />}<br /></font><font color="#0000BB">?></font>
</font>
</code></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
><DIV
CLASS="note"
><BLOCKQUOTE
CLASS="note"
><P
><B
>注意: </B
>
The method <B
CLASS="function"
>newInstance()</B
> accepts a variable number of
arguments which are passed to the function just as in
<A
HREF="function.call-user-func.html"
><B
CLASS="function"
>call_user_func()</B
></A
>.
</P
></BLOCKQUOTE
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="note"
><BLOCKQUOTE
CLASS="note"
><P
><B
>注意: </B
>
<TT
CLASS="literal"
>$class = new ReflectionClass('Foo'); $class->isInstance($arg)</TT
>
is equivalent to <TT
CLASS="literal"
>$arg instanceof Foo</TT
> or
<TT
CLASS="literal"
>is_a($arg, 'Foo')</TT
>.
</P
></BLOCKQUOTE
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="sect2"
><H2
CLASS="sect2"
><A
NAME="language.oop5.reflection.reflectionobject"
><B
CLASS="classname"
>ReflectionObject</B
></A
></H2
><P
> The <B
CLASS="classname"
>ReflectionObject</B
> class lets
you reverse-engineer objects.
</P
><DIV
CLASS="informalexample"
><P
></P
><A
NAME="AEN6206"
></A
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
CELLPADDING="5"
><TR
><TD
><code><font color="#000000">
<font color="#0000BB"><?php<br /></font><font color="#007700">class </font><font color="#0000BB">ReflectionObject </font><font color="#007700">extends </font><font color="#0000BB">ReflectionClass<br /></font><font color="#007700">{<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">final private __clone</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public object __construct</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">mixed object</font><font color="#007700">)<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public string __toString</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public </font><font color="#007700">static </font><font color="#0000BB">string export</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">mixed object</font><font color="#007700">, </font><font color="#0000BB">bool </font><font color="#007700">return)<br />}<br /></font><font color="#0000BB">?></font>
</font>
</code></TD
></TR
></TABLE
><P
></P
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="sect2"
><H2
CLASS="sect2"
><A
NAME="language.oop5.reflection.reflectionmethod"
><B
CLASS="classname"
>ReflectionMethod</B
></A
></H2
><P
> The <B
CLASS="classname"
>ReflectionMethod</B
> class lets you
reverse-engineer class methods.
</P
><DIV
CLASS="informalexample"
><P
></P
><A
NAME="AEN6213"
></A
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
CELLPADDING="5"
><TR
><TD
><code><font color="#000000">
<font color="#0000BB"><?php<br /></font><font color="#007700">class </font><font color="#0000BB">ReflectionMethod </font><font color="#007700">extends </font><font color="#0000BB">ReflectionFunctionAbstract implements Reflector<br /></font><font color="#007700">{<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public __construct</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">mixed </font><font color="#007700">class, </font><font color="#0000BB">string name</font><font color="#007700">)<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public string __toString</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public </font><font color="#007700">static </font><font color="#0000BB">string export</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">mixed </font><font color="#007700">class, </font><font color="#0000BB">string name</font><font color="#007700">, </font><font color="#0000BB">bool </font><font color="#007700">return)<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public mixed invoke</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">stdclass object</font><font color="#007700">, </font><font color="#0000BB">mixed args</font><font color="#007700">)<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public mixed invokeArgs</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">stdclass object</font><font color="#007700">, array </font><font color="#0000BB">args</font><font color="#007700">)<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public bool isFinal</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public bool isAbstract</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public bool isPublic</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public bool isPrivate</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public bool isProtected</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public bool isStatic</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public bool isConstructor</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public bool isDestructor</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public int getModifiers</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public ReflectionClass getDeclaringClass</font><font color="#007700">()<br /><br /> </font><font color="#FF8000">// Inherited from ReflectionFunction<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">final private __clone</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public string getName</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public bool isInternal</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public bool isUserDefined</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public string getFileName</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public int getStartLine</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public int getEndLine</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public string getDocComment</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public </font><font color="#007700">array </font><font color="#0000BB">getStaticVariables</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public bool returnsReference</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public ReflectionParameter</font><font color="#007700">[] </font><font color="#0000BB">getParameters</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public int getNumberOfParameters</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public int getNumberOfRequiredParameters</font><font color="#007700">()<br />}<br /></font><font color="#0000BB">?></font>
</font>
</code></TD
></TR
></TABLE
><P
></P
></DIV
><P
> To introspect a method, you will first have to create an instance
of the <B
CLASS="classname"
>ReflectionMethod</B
> class. You can then call
any of the above methods on this instance.
</P
><TABLE
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
CELLPADDING="0"
CELLSPACING="0"
CLASS="EXAMPLE"
><TR
><TD
><DIV
CLASS="example"
><A
NAME="AEN6217"
></A
><P
><B
>例 19-37. Using the <B
CLASS="classname"
>ReflectionMethod</B
> class</B
></P
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
CELLPADDING="5"
><TR
><TD
><code><font color="#000000">
<font color="#0000BB"><?php<br /></font><font color="#007700">class </font><font color="#0000BB">Counter<br /></font><font color="#007700">{<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">private </font><font color="#007700">static </font><font color="#0000BB">$c </font><font color="#007700">= </font><font color="#0000BB">0</font><font color="#007700">;<br /><br /> </font><font color="#FF8000">/**<br /> * Increment counter<br /> *<br /> * @final<br /> * @static<br /> * @access public<br /> * @return int<br /> */<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">final public </font><font color="#007700">static function </font><font color="#0000BB">increment</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> {<br /> return ++</font><font color="#0000BB">self</font><font color="#007700">::</font><font color="#0000BB">$c</font><font color="#007700">;<br /> }<br />}<br /><br /></font><font color="#FF8000">// Create an instance of the Reflection_Method class<br /></font><font color="#0000BB">$method </font><font color="#007700">= new </font><font color="#0000BB">ReflectionMethod</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#DD0000">'Counter'</font><font color="#007700">, </font><font color="#DD0000">'increment'</font><font color="#007700">);<br /><br /></font><font color="#FF8000">// Print out basic information<br /></font><font color="#0000BB">printf</font><font color="#007700">(<br /> </font><font color="#DD0000">"===> The %s%s%s%s%s%s%s method '%s' (which is %s)\n" </font><font color="#007700">.<br /> </font><font color="#DD0000">" declared in %s\n" </font><font color="#007700">.<br /> </font><font color="#DD0000">" lines %d to %d\n" </font><font color="#007700">.<br /> </font><font color="#DD0000">" having the modifiers %d[%s]\n"</font><font color="#007700">,<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">$method</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">isInternal</font><font color="#007700">() ? </font><font color="#DD0000">'internal' </font><font color="#007700">: </font><font color="#DD0000">'user-defined'</font><font color="#007700">,<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">$method</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">isAbstract</font><font color="#007700">() ? </font><font color="#DD0000">' abstract' </font><font color="#007700">: </font><font color="#DD0000">''</font><font color="#007700">,<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">$method</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">isFinal</font><font color="#007700">() ? </font><font color="#DD0000">' final' </font><font color="#007700">: </font><font color="#DD0000">''</font><font color="#007700">,<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">$method</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">isPublic</font><font color="#007700">() ? </font><font color="#DD0000">' public' </font><font color="#007700">: </font><font color="#DD0000">''</font><font color="#007700">,<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">$method</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">isPrivate</font><font color="#007700">() ? </font><font color="#DD0000">' private' </font><font color="#007700">: </font><font color="#DD0000">''</font><font color="#007700">,<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">$method</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">isProtected</font><font color="#007700">() ? </font><font color="#DD0000">' protected' </font><font color="#007700">: </font><font color="#DD0000">''</font><font color="#007700">,<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">$method</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">isStatic</font><font color="#007700">() ? </font><font color="#DD0000">' static' </font><font color="#007700">: </font><font color="#DD0000">''</font><font color="#007700">,<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">$method</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">getName</font><font color="#007700">(),<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">$method</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">isConstructor</font><font color="#007700">() ? </font><font color="#DD0000">'the constructor' </font><font color="#007700">: </font><font color="#DD0000">'a regular method'</font><font color="#007700">,<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">$method</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">getFileName</font><font color="#007700">(),<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">$method</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">getStartLine</font><font color="#007700">(),<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">$method</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">getEndline</font><font color="#007700">(),<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">$method</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">getModifiers</font><font color="#007700">(),<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">implode</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#DD0000">' '</font><font color="#007700">, </font><font color="#0000BB">Reflection</font><font color="#007700">::</font><font color="#0000BB">getModifierNames</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">$method</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">getModifiers</font><font color="#007700">()))<br />);<br /><br /></font><font color="#FF8000">// Print documentation comment<br /></font><font color="#0000BB">printf</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#DD0000">"---> Documentation:\n %s\n"</font><font color="#007700">, </font><font color="#0000BB">var_export</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">$method</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">getDocComment</font><font color="#007700">(), </font><font color="#0000BB">1</font><font color="#007700">));<br /><br /></font><font color="#FF8000">// Print static variables if existant<br /></font><font color="#007700">if (</font><font color="#0000BB">$statics</font><font color="#007700">= </font><font color="#0000BB">$method</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">getStaticVariables</font><font color="#007700">()) {<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">printf</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#DD0000">"---> Static variables: %s\n"</font><font color="#007700">, </font><font color="#0000BB">var_export</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">$statics</font><font color="#007700">, </font><font color="#0000BB">1</font><font color="#007700">));<br />}<br /><br /></font><font color="#FF8000">// Invoke the method<br /></font><font color="#0000BB">printf</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#DD0000">"---> Invokation results in: "</font><font color="#007700">);<br /></font><font color="#0000BB">var_dump</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">$method</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">invoke</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">NULL</font><font color="#007700">));<br /></font><font color="#0000BB">?></font>
</font>
</code></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
><DIV
CLASS="note"
><BLOCKQUOTE
CLASS="note"
><P
><B
>注意: </B
>
Trying to invoke private, protected or abstract methods will result
in an exception being thrown from the <B
CLASS="function"
>invoke()</B
>
method.
</P
></BLOCKQUOTE
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="note"
><BLOCKQUOTE
CLASS="note"
><P
><B
>注意: </B
>
For static methods as seen above, you should pass NULL as the first
argument to <B
CLASS="function"
>invoke()</B
>. For non-static methods, pass
an instance of the class.
</P
></BLOCKQUOTE
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="sect2"
><H2
CLASS="sect2"
><A
NAME="language.oop5.reflection.reflectionproperty"
><B
CLASS="classname"
>ReflectionProperty</B
></A
></H2
><P
> The <B
CLASS="classname"
>ReflectionProperty</B
> class lets you
reverse-engineer class properties.
</P
><DIV
CLASS="informalexample"
><P
></P
><A
NAME="AEN6232"
></A
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
CELLPADDING="5"
><TR
><TD
><code><font color="#000000">
<font color="#0000BB"><?php<br /></font><font color="#007700">class </font><font color="#0000BB">ReflectionProperty implements Reflector<br /></font><font color="#007700">{<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">final private __clone</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public __construct</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">mixed </font><font color="#007700">class, </font><font color="#0000BB">string name</font><font color="#007700">)<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public string __toString</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public </font><font color="#007700">static </font><font color="#0000BB">string export</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">mixed </font><font color="#007700">class, </font><font color="#0000BB">string name</font><font color="#007700">, </font><font color="#0000BB">bool </font><font color="#007700">return)<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public string getName</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public bool isPublic</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public bool isPrivate</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public bool isProtected</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public bool isStatic</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public bool isDefault</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public int getModifiers</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public mixed getValue</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">stdclass object</font><font color="#007700">)<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public void setValue</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">stdclass object</font><font color="#007700">, </font><font color="#0000BB">mixed value</font><font color="#007700">)<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public ReflectionClass getDeclaringClass</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public string getDocComment</font><font color="#007700">()<br />}<br /></font><font color="#0000BB">?></font>
</font>
</code></TD
></TR
></TABLE
><P
></P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="note"
><BLOCKQUOTE
CLASS="note"
><P
><B
>注意: </B
>
<B
CLASS="function"
>getDocComment()</B
> was added in PHP 5.1.0.
</P
></BLOCKQUOTE
></DIV
><P
> To introspect a property, you will first have to create an instance
of the <B
CLASS="classname"
>ReflectionProperty</B
> class. You can then
call any of the above methods on this instance.
</P
><TABLE
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
CELLPADDING="0"
CELLSPACING="0"
CLASS="EXAMPLE"
><TR
><TD
><DIV
CLASS="example"
><A
NAME="AEN6239"
></A
><P
><B
>例 19-38. Using the <B
CLASS="classname"
>ReflectionProperty</B
> class</B
></P
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
CELLPADDING="5"
><TR
><TD
><code><font color="#000000">
<font color="#0000BB"><?php<br /></font><font color="#007700">class </font><font color="#0000BB">String<br /></font><font color="#007700">{<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public $length </font><font color="#007700">= </font><font color="#0000BB">5</font><font color="#007700">;<br />}<br /><br /></font><font color="#FF8000">// Create an instance of the ReflectionProperty class<br /></font><font color="#0000BB">$prop </font><font color="#007700">= new </font><font color="#0000BB">ReflectionProperty</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#DD0000">'String'</font><font color="#007700">, </font><font color="#DD0000">'length'</font><font color="#007700">);<br /><br /></font><font color="#FF8000">// Print out basic information<br /></font><font color="#0000BB">printf</font><font color="#007700">(<br /> </font><font color="#DD0000">"===> The%s%s%s%s property '%s' (which was %s)\n" </font><font color="#007700">.<br /> </font><font color="#DD0000">" having the modifiers %s\n"</font><font color="#007700">,<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">$prop</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">isPublic</font><font color="#007700">() ? </font><font color="#DD0000">' public' </font><font color="#007700">: </font><font color="#DD0000">''</font><font color="#007700">,<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">$prop</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">isPrivate</font><font color="#007700">() ? </font><font color="#DD0000">' private' </font><font color="#007700">: </font><font color="#DD0000">''</font><font color="#007700">,<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">$prop</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">isProtected</font><font color="#007700">() ? </font><font color="#DD0000">' protected' </font><font color="#007700">: </font><font color="#DD0000">''</font><font color="#007700">,<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">$prop</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">isStatic</font><font color="#007700">() ? </font><font color="#DD0000">' static' </font><font color="#007700">: </font><font color="#DD0000">''</font><font color="#007700">,<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">$prop</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">getName</font><font color="#007700">(),<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">$prop</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">isDefault</font><font color="#007700">() ? </font><font color="#DD0000">'declared at compile-time' </font><font color="#007700">: </font><font color="#DD0000">'created at run-time'</font><font color="#007700">,<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">var_export</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">Reflection</font><font color="#007700">::</font><font color="#0000BB">getModifierNames</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">$prop</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">getModifiers</font><font color="#007700">()), </font><font color="#0000BB">1</font><font color="#007700">)<br />);<br /><br /></font><font color="#FF8000">// Create an instance of String<br /></font><font color="#0000BB">$obj</font><font color="#007700">= new </font><font color="#0000BB">String</font><font color="#007700">();<br /><br /></font><font color="#FF8000">// Get current value<br /></font><font color="#0000BB">printf</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#DD0000">"---> Value is: "</font><font color="#007700">);<br /></font><font color="#0000BB">var_dump</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">$prop</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">getValue</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">$obj</font><font color="#007700">));<br /><br /></font><font color="#FF8000">// Change value<br /></font><font color="#0000BB">$prop</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">setValue</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">$obj</font><font color="#007700">, </font><font color="#0000BB">10</font><font color="#007700">);<br /></font><font color="#0000BB">printf</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#DD0000">"---> Setting value to 10, new value is: "</font><font color="#007700">);<br /></font><font color="#0000BB">var_dump</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">$prop</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">getValue</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">$obj</font><font color="#007700">));<br /><br /></font><font color="#FF8000">// Dump object<br /></font><font color="#0000BB">var_dump</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">$obj</font><font color="#007700">);<br /></font><font color="#0000BB">?></font>
</font>
</code></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
><DIV
CLASS="note"
><BLOCKQUOTE
CLASS="note"
><P
><B
>注意: </B
>
Trying to get or set private or protected class property's values
will result in an exception being thrown.
</P
></BLOCKQUOTE
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="sect2"
><H2
CLASS="sect2"
><A
NAME="language.oop5.reflection.reflectionextension"
><B
CLASS="classname"
>ReflectionExtension</B
></A
></H2
><P
> The <B
CLASS="classname"
>ReflectionExtension</B
> class lets you
reverse-engineer extensions. You can retrieve all loaded extensions
at runtime using the <A
HREF="function.get-loaded-extensions.html"
><B
CLASS="function"
>get_loaded_extensions()</B
></A
>.
</P
><DIV
CLASS="informalexample"
><P
></P
><A
NAME="AEN6251"
></A
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
CELLPADDING="5"
><TR
><TD
><code><font color="#000000">
<font color="#0000BB"><?php<br /></font><font color="#007700">class </font><font color="#0000BB">ReflectionExtension implements Reflector </font><font color="#007700">{<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">final private __clone</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public __construct</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">string name</font><font color="#007700">)<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public string __toString</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public </font><font color="#007700">static </font><font color="#0000BB">string export</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">string name</font><font color="#007700">, </font><font color="#0000BB">bool </font><font color="#007700">return)<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public string getName</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public string getVersion</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public ReflectionFunction</font><font color="#007700">[] </font><font color="#0000BB">getFunctions</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public </font><font color="#007700">array </font><font color="#0000BB">getConstants</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public </font><font color="#007700">array </font><font color="#0000BB">getINIEntries</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public ReflectionClass</font><font color="#007700">[] </font><font color="#0000BB">getClasses</font><font color="#007700">()<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public </font><font color="#007700">array </font><font color="#0000BB">getClassNames</font><font color="#007700">()<br />}<br /></font><font color="#0000BB">?></font>
</font>
</code></TD
></TR
></TABLE
><P
></P
></DIV
><P
> To introspect an extension, you will first have to create an instance
of the <B
CLASS="classname"
>ReflectionExtension</B
> class. You can then call
any of the above methods on this instance.
</P
><TABLE
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
CELLPADDING="0"
CELLSPACING="0"
CLASS="EXAMPLE"
><TR
><TD
><DIV
CLASS="example"
><A
NAME="AEN6255"
></A
><P
><B
>例 19-39. Using the <B
CLASS="classname"
>ReflectionExtension</B
> class</B
></P
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
CELLPADDING="5"
><TR
><TD
><code><font color="#000000">
<font color="#0000BB"><?php<br /></font><font color="#FF8000">// Create an instance of the ReflectionProperty class<br /></font><font color="#0000BB">$ext </font><font color="#007700">= new </font><font color="#0000BB">ReflectionExtension</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#DD0000">'standard'</font><font color="#007700">);<br /><br /></font><font color="#FF8000">// Print out basic information<br /></font><font color="#0000BB">printf</font><font color="#007700">(<br /> </font><font color="#DD0000">"Name : %s\n" </font><font color="#007700">.<br /> </font><font color="#DD0000">"Version : %s\n" </font><font color="#007700">.<br /> </font><font color="#DD0000">"Functions : [%d] %s\n" </font><font color="#007700">.<br /> </font><font color="#DD0000">"Constants : [%d] %s\n" </font><font color="#007700">.<br /> </font><font color="#DD0000">"INI entries : [%d] %s\n" </font><font color="#007700">.<br /> </font><font color="#DD0000">"Classes : [%d] %s\n"</font><font color="#007700">,<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">$ext</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">getName</font><font color="#007700">(),<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">$ext</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">getVersion</font><font color="#007700">() ? </font><font color="#0000BB">$ext</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">getVersion</font><font color="#007700">() : </font><font color="#DD0000">'NO_VERSION'</font><font color="#007700">,<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">sizeof</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">$ext</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">getFunctions</font><font color="#007700">()),<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">var_export</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">$ext</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">getFunctions</font><font color="#007700">(), </font><font color="#0000BB">1</font><font color="#007700">),<br /><br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">sizeof</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">$ext</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">getConstants</font><font color="#007700">()),<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">var_export</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">$ext</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">getConstants</font><font color="#007700">(), </font><font color="#0000BB">1</font><font color="#007700">),<br /><br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">sizeof</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">$ext</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">getINIEntries</font><font color="#007700">()),<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">var_export</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">$ext</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">getINIEntries</font><font color="#007700">(), </font><font color="#0000BB">1</font><font color="#007700">),<br /><br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">sizeof</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">$ext</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">getClassNames</font><font color="#007700">()),<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">var_export</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">$ext</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">getClassNames</font><font color="#007700">(), </font><font color="#0000BB">1</font><font color="#007700">)<br />);<br /></font><font color="#0000BB">?></font>
</font>
</code></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="sect2"
><H2
CLASS="sect2"
><A
NAME="language.oop5.reflection.extending"
>Extending the reflection classes</A
></H2
><P
> In case you want to create specialized versions of the built-in
classes (say, for creating colorized HTML when being exported,
having easy-access member variables instead of methods or
having utility methods), you may go ahead and extend them.
</P
><TABLE
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
CELLPADDING="0"
CELLSPACING="0"
CLASS="EXAMPLE"
><TR
><TD
><DIV
CLASS="example"
><A
NAME="AEN6262"
></A
><P
><B
>例 19-40. Extending the built-in classes</B
></P
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
CELLPADDING="5"
><TR
><TD
><code><font color="#000000">
<font color="#0000BB"><?php<br /></font><font color="#FF8000">/**<br /> * My Reflection_Method class<br /> */<br /></font><font color="#007700">class </font><font color="#0000BB">My_Reflection_Method </font><font color="#007700">extends </font><font color="#0000BB">ReflectionMethod<br /></font><font color="#007700">{<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public $visibility </font><font color="#007700">= </font><font color="#DD0000">''</font><font color="#007700">;<br /><br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">public </font><font color="#007700">function </font><font color="#0000BB">__construct</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">$o</font><font color="#007700">, </font><font color="#0000BB">$m</font><font color="#007700">)<br /> {<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">parent</font><font color="#007700">::</font><font color="#0000BB">__construct</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">$o</font><font color="#007700">, </font><font color="#0000BB">$m</font><font color="#007700">);<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">$this</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">visibility</font><font color="#007700">= </font><font color="#0000BB">Reflection</font><font color="#007700">::</font><font color="#0000BB">getModifierNames</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">$this</font><font color="#007700">-></font><font color="#0000BB">getModifiers</font><font color="#007700">());<br /> }<br />}<br /><br /></font><font color="#FF8000">/**<br /> * Demo class #1<br /> *<br /> */<br /></font><font color="#007700">class </font><font color="#0000BB">T </font><font color="#007700">{<br /> </font><font color="#0000BB">protected </font><font color="#007700">function </font><font color="#0000BB">x</font><font color="#007700">() {}<br />}<br /><br /></font><font color="#FF8000">/**<br /> * Demo class #2<br /> *<br /> */<br /></font><font color="#007700">class </font><font color="#0000BB">U </font><font color="#007700">extends </font><font color="#0000BB">T </font><font color="#007700">{<br /> function </font><font color="#0000BB">x</font><font color="#007700">() {}<br />}<br /><br /></font><font color="#FF8000">// Print out information<br /></font><font color="#0000BB">var_dump</font><font color="#007700">(new </font><font color="#0000BB">My_Reflection_Method</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#DD0000">'U'</font><font color="#007700">, </font><font color="#DD0000">'x'</font><font color="#007700">));<br /></font><font color="#0000BB">?></font>
</font>
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CLASS="note"
><BLOCKQUOTE
CLASS="note"
><P
><B
>注意: </B
>
Caution: If you're overwriting the constructor, remember to call
the parent's constructor _before_ any code you insert. Failing to
do so will result in the following:
<TT
CLASS="literal"
> Fatal error: Internal error: Failed to retrieve the reflection object
</TT
>
</P
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