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><DIV
CLASS="TITLEPAGE"
><H1
CLASS="title"
>CXIX. Process Control Functions</H1
><DIV
CLASS="PARTINTRO"
><A
NAME="AEN169549"
></A
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H1
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="pcntl.intro"
>简介</A
></H1
><P
> Process Control support in PHP implements the Unix style of
process creation, program execution, signal handling and process
termination. Process Control should not be enabled within a
web server environment and unexpected results may happen if any
Process Control functions are used within a web server environment.
</P
><P
> This documentation is intended to explain the general usage of
each of the Process Control functions. For detailed information
about Unix process control you are encouraged to consult your
systems documentation including fork(2), waitpid(2) and signal(2)
or a comprehensive reference such as Advanced Programming in the
UNIX Environment by W. Richard Stevens (Addison-Wesley).
</P
><P
> PCNTL now uses ticks as the signal handle callback mechanism, which is
much faster than the previous mechanism. This change follows the same
semantics as using "user ticks". You use the <B
CLASS="function"
>declare()</B
>
statement to specify the locations in your program where callbacks are
allowed to occur. This allows you to minimize the overhead of handling
asynchronous events. In the past, compiling PHP with pcntl enabled would
always incur this overhead, whether or not your script actually used
pcntl.
</P
><P
> There is one adjustment that all pcntl scripts prior to PHP 4.3.0 must
make for them to work which is to either to use
<B
CLASS="function"
>declare()</B
> on a section where you wish to allow
callbacks or to just enable it across the entire script using
the new global syntax of <B
CLASS="function"
>declare()</B
>.
</P
><DIV
CLASS="note"
><BLOCKQUOTE
CLASS="note"
><P
><B
>注意: </B
>本扩展模块在 Windows 平台下不可用。</P
></BLOCKQUOTE
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H1
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="pcntl.requirements"
>需求</A
></H1
><P
>要编译本扩展模块无需外部库文件。</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H1
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="pcntl.installation"
>安装</A
></H1
><P
> Process Control support in PHP is not enabled by default.
You have to compile the CGI or CLI version of PHP with
<CODE
CLASS="option"
>--enable-pcntl</CODE
> configuration
option when compiling PHP to enable Process Control support.
</P
><DIV
CLASS="note"
><BLOCKQUOTE
CLASS="note"
><P
><B
>注意: </B
>
Currently, this module will not function on non-Unix platforms
(Windows).
</P
></BLOCKQUOTE
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H1
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="pcntl.configuration"
>运行时配置</A
></H1
><P
>本扩展模块在 <TT
CLASS="filename"
>php.ini</TT
> 中未定义任何配置选项。</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H1
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="pcntl.resources"
>资源类型</A
></H1
><P
>本扩展模块未定义任何资源类型。</P
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H1
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="pcntl.constants"
>预定义常量</A
></H1
><P
> The following list of signals are supported by the Process Control
functions. Please see your systems signal(7) man page for details
of the default behavior of these signals.
</P
><P
></P
><DIV
CLASS="variablelist"
><DL
><DT
><TT
CLASS="constant"
><B
>WNOHANG</B
></TT
>
(<A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
><B
CLASS="type"
>integer</B
></A
>)</DT
><DD
><P
>
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="constant"
><B
>WUNTRACED</B
></TT
>
(<A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
><B
CLASS="type"
>integer</B
></A
>)</DT
><DD
><P
>
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="constant"
><B
>SIG_IGN</B
></TT
>
(<A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
><B
CLASS="type"
>integer</B
></A
>)</DT
><DD
><P
>
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="constant"
><B
>SIG_DFL</B
></TT
>
(<A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
><B
CLASS="type"
>integer</B
></A
>)</DT
><DD
><P
>
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="constant"
><B
>SIG_ERR</B
></TT
>
(<A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
><B
CLASS="type"
>integer</B
></A
>)</DT
><DD
><P
>
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="constant"
><B
>SIGHUP</B
></TT
>
(<A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
><B
CLASS="type"
>integer</B
></A
>)</DT
><DD
><P
>
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="constant"
><B
>SIGINT</B
></TT
>
(<A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
><B
CLASS="type"
>integer</B
></A
>)</DT
><DD
><P
>
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="constant"
><B
>SIGQUIT</B
></TT
>
(<A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
><B
CLASS="type"
>integer</B
></A
>)</DT
><DD
><P
>
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="constant"
><B
>SIGILL</B
></TT
>
(<A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
><B
CLASS="type"
>integer</B
></A
>)</DT
><DD
><P
>
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="constant"
><B
>SIGTRAP</B
></TT
>
(<A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
><B
CLASS="type"
>integer</B
></A
>)</DT
><DD
><P
>
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="constant"
><B
>SIGABRT</B
></TT
>
(<A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
><B
CLASS="type"
>integer</B
></A
>)</DT
><DD
><P
>
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="constant"
><B
>SIGIOT</B
></TT
>
(<A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
><B
CLASS="type"
>integer</B
></A
>)</DT
><DD
><P
>
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="constant"
><B
>SIGBUS</B
></TT
>
(<A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
><B
CLASS="type"
>integer</B
></A
>)</DT
><DD
><P
>
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="constant"
><B
>SIGFPE</B
></TT
>
(<A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
><B
CLASS="type"
>integer</B
></A
>)</DT
><DD
><P
>
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="constant"
><B
>SIGKILL</B
></TT
>
(<A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
><B
CLASS="type"
>integer</B
></A
>)</DT
><DD
><P
>
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="constant"
><B
>SIGUSR1</B
></TT
>
(<A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
><B
CLASS="type"
>integer</B
></A
>)</DT
><DD
><P
>
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="constant"
><B
>SIGSEGV</B
></TT
>
(<A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
><B
CLASS="type"
>integer</B
></A
>)</DT
><DD
><P
>
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="constant"
><B
>SIGUSR2</B
></TT
>
(<A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
><B
CLASS="type"
>integer</B
></A
>)</DT
><DD
><P
>
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="constant"
><B
>SIGPIPE</B
></TT
>
(<A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
><B
CLASS="type"
>integer</B
></A
>)</DT
><DD
><P
>
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="constant"
><B
>SIGALRM</B
></TT
>
(<A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
><B
CLASS="type"
>integer</B
></A
>)</DT
><DD
><P
>
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="constant"
><B
>SIGTERM</B
></TT
>
(<A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
><B
CLASS="type"
>integer</B
></A
>)</DT
><DD
><P
>
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="constant"
><B
>SIGSTKFLT</B
></TT
>
(<A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
><B
CLASS="type"
>integer</B
></A
>)</DT
><DD
><P
>
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="constant"
><B
>SIGCLD</B
></TT
>
(<A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
><B
CLASS="type"
>integer</B
></A
>)</DT
><DD
><P
>
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="constant"
><B
>SIGCHLD</B
></TT
>
(<A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
><B
CLASS="type"
>integer</B
></A
>)</DT
><DD
><P
>
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="constant"
><B
>SIGCONT</B
></TT
>
(<A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
><B
CLASS="type"
>integer</B
></A
>)</DT
><DD
><P
>
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="constant"
><B
>SIGSTOP</B
></TT
>
(<A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
><B
CLASS="type"
>integer</B
></A
>)</DT
><DD
><P
>
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="constant"
><B
>SIGTSTP</B
></TT
>
(<A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
><B
CLASS="type"
>integer</B
></A
>)</DT
><DD
><P
>
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="constant"
><B
>SIGTTIN</B
></TT
>
(<A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
><B
CLASS="type"
>integer</B
></A
>)</DT
><DD
><P
>
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="constant"
><B
>SIGTTOU</B
></TT
>
(<A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
><B
CLASS="type"
>integer</B
></A
>)</DT
><DD
><P
>
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="constant"
><B
>SIGURG</B
></TT
>
(<A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
><B
CLASS="type"
>integer</B
></A
>)</DT
><DD
><P
>
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="constant"
><B
>SIGXCPU</B
></TT
>
(<A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
><B
CLASS="type"
>integer</B
></A
>)</DT
><DD
><P
>
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="constant"
><B
>SIGXFSZ</B
></TT
>
(<A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
><B
CLASS="type"
>integer</B
></A
>)</DT
><DD
><P
>
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="constant"
><B
>SIGVTALRM</B
></TT
>
(<A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
><B
CLASS="type"
>integer</B
></A
>)</DT
><DD
><P
>
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="constant"
><B
>SIGPROF</B
></TT
>
(<A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
><B
CLASS="type"
>integer</B
></A
>)</DT
><DD
><P
>
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="constant"
><B
>SIGWINCH</B
></TT
>
(<A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
><B
CLASS="type"
>integer</B
></A
>)</DT
><DD
><P
>
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="constant"
><B
>SIGPOLL</B
></TT
>
(<A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
><B
CLASS="type"
>integer</B
></A
>)</DT
><DD
><P
>
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="constant"
><B
>SIGIO</B
></TT
>
(<A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
><B
CLASS="type"
>integer</B
></A
>)</DT
><DD
><P
>
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="constant"
><B
>SIGPWR</B
></TT
>
(<A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
><B
CLASS="type"
>integer</B
></A
>)</DT
><DD
><P
>
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="constant"
><B
>SIGSYS</B
></TT
>
(<A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
><B
CLASS="type"
>integer</B
></A
>)</DT
><DD
><P
>
</P
></DD
><DT
><TT
CLASS="constant"
><B
>SIGBABY</B
></TT
>
(<A
HREF="language.types.integer.html"
><B
CLASS="type"
>integer</B
></A
>)</DT
><DD
><P
>
</P
></DD
></DL
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H1
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="pcntl.example"
>范例</A
></H1
><P
> This example forks off a daemon process with a signal handler.
</P
><TABLE
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
CELLPADDING="0"
CELLSPACING="0"
CLASS="EXAMPLE"
><TR
><TD
><DIV
CLASS="example"
><A
NAME="AEN169824"
></A
><P
><B
>例 1. Process Control Example</B
></P
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
CELLPADDING="5"
><TR
><TD
><code><font color="#000000">
<font color="#0000BB"><?php<br /></font><font color="#007700">declare(</font><font color="#0000BB">ticks</font><font color="#007700">=</font><font color="#0000BB">1</font><font color="#007700">);<br /><br /></font><font color="#0000BB">$pid </font><font color="#007700">= </font><font color="#0000BB">pcntl_fork</font><font color="#007700">();<br />if (</font><font color="#0000BB">$pid </font><font color="#007700">== -</font><font color="#0000BB">1</font><font color="#007700">) {<br /> die(</font><font color="#DD0000">"could not fork"</font><font color="#007700">); <br />} else if (</font><font color="#0000BB">$pid</font><font color="#007700">) {<br /> exit(); </font><font color="#FF8000">// we are the parent <br /></font><font color="#007700">} else {<br /> </font><font color="#FF8000">// we are the child<br /></font><font color="#007700">}<br /><br /></font><font color="#FF8000">// detatch from the controlling terminal<br /></font><font color="#007700">if (!</font><font color="#0000BB">posix_setsid</font><font color="#007700">()) {<br /> die(</font><font color="#DD0000">"could not detach from terminal"</font><font color="#007700">);<br />}<br /><br /></font><font color="#FF8000">// setup signal handlers<br /></font><font color="#0000BB">pcntl_signal</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">SIGTERM</font><font color="#007700">, </font><font color="#DD0000">"sig_handler"</font><font color="#007700">);<br /></font><font color="#0000BB">pcntl_signal</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">SIGHUP</font><font color="#007700">, </font><font color="#DD0000">"sig_handler"</font><font color="#007700">);<br /><br /></font><font color="#FF8000">// loop forever performing tasks<br /></font><font color="#007700">while (</font><font color="#0000BB">1</font><font color="#007700">) {<br /><br /> </font><font color="#FF8000">// do something interesting here<br /><br /></font><font color="#007700">}<br /><br />function </font><font color="#0000BB">sig_handler</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">$signo</font><font color="#007700">) <br />{<br /><br /> switch (</font><font color="#0000BB">$signo</font><font color="#007700">) {<br /> case </font><font color="#0000BB">SIGTERM</font><font color="#007700">:<br /> </font><font color="#FF8000">// handle shutdown tasks<br /> </font><font color="#007700">exit;<br /> break;<br /> case </font><font color="#0000BB">SIGHUP</font><font color="#007700">:<br /> </font><font color="#FF8000">// handle restart tasks<br /> </font><font color="#007700">break;<br /> default:<br /> </font><font color="#FF8000">// handle all other signals<br /> </font><font color="#007700">}<br /><br />}<br /><br /></font><font color="#0000BB">?></font>
</font>
</code></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="section"
><H1
CLASS="section"
><A
NAME="pcntl.seealso"
>参见</A
></H1
><P
> A look at the section about
<A
HREF="ref.posix.html"
>POSIX functions</A
>
may be useful.
</P
></DIV
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="TOC"
><DL
><DT
><B
>目录</B
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.pcntl-alarm.html"
>pcntl_alarm</A
> -- Set an alarm clock for delivery of a signal</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.pcntl-exec.html"
>pcntl_exec</A
> -- Executes specified program in current process space</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.pcntl-fork.html"
>pcntl_fork</A
> -- Forks the currently running process</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.pcntl-getpriority.html"
>pcntl_getpriority</A
> -- Get the priority of any process</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.pcntl-setpriority.html"
>pcntl_setpriority</A
> -- Change the priority of any process</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.pcntl-signal.html"
>pcntl_signal</A
> -- Installs a signal handler</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.pcntl-wait.html"
>pcntl_wait</A
> -- Waits on or returns the status of a forked child</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.pcntl-waitpid.html"
>pcntl_waitpid</A
> -- Waits on or returns the status of a forked child</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.pcntl-wexitstatus.html"
>pcntl_wexitstatus</A
> -- Returns the return code of a terminated child</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.pcntl-wifexited.html"
>pcntl_wifexited</A
> -- Checks if status code represents a normal exit</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.pcntl-wifsignaled.html"
>pcntl_wifsignaled</A
> -- Checks wether the status code represents a termination due to a signal</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.pcntl-wifstopped.html"
>pcntl_wifstopped</A
> -- Checks wether the child process is currently stopped</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.pcntl-wstopsig.html"
>pcntl_wstopsig</A
> -- Returns the signal which caused the child to stop</DT
><DT
><A
HREF="function.pcntl-wtermsig.html"
>pcntl_wtermsig</A
> -- Returns the signal which caused the child to terminate</DT
></DL
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></DIV
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