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>章 17. 函数</TD
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><A
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>变量函数</A
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><P
>&#13;    PHP 支持变量函数的概念。这意味着如果一个变量名后有圆括号,PHP
    将寻找与变量的值同名的函数,并且将尝试执行它。除了别的事情以外,这个可以被用于实现回调函数,函数表等等。
    </P
><P
>&#13;    变量函数不能用于语言结构,例如
    <A
HREF="function.echo.html"
><B
CLASS="function"
>echo()</B
></A
>,<A
HREF="function.print.html"
><B
CLASS="function"
>print()</B
></A
>,<A
HREF="function.unset.html"
><B
CLASS="function"
>unset()</B
></A
>,<A
HREF="function.isset.html"
><B
CLASS="function"
>isset()</B
></A
>,<A
HREF="function.empty.html"
><B
CLASS="function"
>empty()</B
></A
>,<A
HREF="function.include.html"
><B
CLASS="function"
>include()</B
></A
>,<A
HREF="function.require.html"
><B
CLASS="function"
>require()</B
></A
>
    以及类似的语句。需要使用自己的外壳函数来将这些结构用作变量函数。
   </P
><P
>&#13;    <TABLE
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><TR
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><A
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></A
><P
><B
>例 17-14. 变量函数示例</B
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><code><font color="#000000">
<font color="#0000BB">&lt;?php<br /></font><font color="#007700">function </font><font color="#0000BB">foo</font><font color="#007700">() {<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;echo </font><font color="#DD0000">"In foo()&lt;br /&gt;\n"</font><font color="#007700">;<br />}<br /><br />function </font><font color="#0000BB">bar</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">$arg </font><font color="#007700">= </font><font color="#DD0000">''</font><font color="#007700">) {<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;echo </font><font color="#DD0000">"In bar(); argument was '$arg'.&lt;br /&gt;</font><font color="#007700">\n</font><font color="#DD0000">"</font><font color="#007700">;<br />}<br /><br /></font><font color="#FF8000">// This is a wrapper function around echo<br /></font><font color="#007700">function </font><font color="#0000BB">echoit</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#0000BB">$string</font><font color="#007700">)<br />{<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;echo </font><font color="#0000BB">$string</font><font color="#007700">;<br />}<br /><br /></font><font color="#0000BB">$func </font><font color="#007700">= </font><font color="#DD0000">'foo'</font><font color="#007700">;<br /></font><font color="#0000BB">$func</font><font color="#007700">();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font><font color="#FF8000">// This calls foo()<br /><br /></font><font color="#0000BB">$func </font><font color="#007700">= </font><font color="#DD0000">'bar'</font><font color="#007700">;<br /></font><font color="#0000BB">$func</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#DD0000">'test'</font><font color="#007700">);&nbsp;&nbsp;</font><font color="#FF8000">// This calls bar()<br /><br /></font><font color="#0000BB">$func </font><font color="#007700">= </font><font color="#DD0000">'echoit'</font><font color="#007700">;<br /></font><font color="#0000BB">$func</font><font color="#007700">(</font><font color="#DD0000">'test'</font><font color="#007700">);&nbsp;&nbsp;</font><font color="#FF8000">// This calls echoit()<br /></font><font color="#0000BB">?&gt;</font>
</font>
</code></TD
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>
   </P
><P
>&#13;    还可以利用变量函数的特性来调用一个对象的方法。
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CLASS="EXAMPLE"
><TR
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><DIV
CLASS="example"
><A
NAME="AEN5418"
></A
><P
><B
>例 17-15. 变量方法范例</B
></P
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><code><font color="#000000">
<font color="#0000BB">&lt;?php<br /></font><font color="#007700">class </font><font color="#0000BB">Foo<br /></font><font color="#007700">{<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;function </font><font color="#0000BB">Variable</font><font color="#007700">()<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;{<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font><font color="#0000BB">$name </font><font color="#007700">= </font><font color="#DD0000">'Bar'</font><font color="#007700">;<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font><font color="#0000BB">$this</font><font color="#007700">-&gt;</font><font color="#0000BB">$name</font><font color="#007700">(); </font><font color="#FF8000">// This calls the Bar() method<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font><font color="#007700">}<br /><br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;function </font><font color="#0000BB">Bar</font><font color="#007700">()<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;{<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;echo </font><font color="#DD0000">"This is Bar"</font><font color="#007700">;<br />&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;}<br />}<br /><br /></font><font color="#0000BB">$foo </font><font color="#007700">= new </font><font color="#0000BB">Foo</font><font color="#007700">();<br /></font><font color="#0000BB">$funcname </font><font color="#007700">= </font><font color="#DD0000">"Variable"</font><font color="#007700">;<br /></font><font color="#0000BB">$foo</font><font color="#007700">-&gt;</font><font color="#0000BB">$funcname</font><font color="#007700">();&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</font><font color="#FF8000">// This calls $foo-&gt;Variable()<br /><br /></font><font color="#0000BB">?&gt;</font>
</font>
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><P
>&#13;    请参阅 <A
HREF="function.call-user-func.html"
><B
CLASS="function"
>call_user_func()</B
></A
>,<A
HREF="language.variables.variable.html"
>可变变量</A
>和
    <A
HREF="function.function-exists.html"
><B
CLASS="function"
>function_exists()</B
></A
>。
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