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<H2><A NAME="SECTION009117000000000000000">
1.1.17 Overview of </A><A NAME="tex2html906"
  HREF="http://gmt.soest.hawaii.edu"><B>GMT</B></A> 4.0 [Oct-10, 2004]
</H2>

<P>
<A NAME="tex2html909"
  HREF="http://gmt.soest.hawaii.edu"><B>GMT</B></A> 4 represents a major overhaul of the package, hence the major version number increment.  There are four
categories of changes that have been implemented:
<DL>
<DT><STRONG>Time-series support.</STRONG></DT>
<DD><A NAME="tex2html910"
  HREF="http://gmt.soest.hawaii.edu"><B>GMT</B></A> can now read and write time-series data where
the time coordinates are of the form <I>date</I><B>T</B><I>clock</I><A NAME="tex2html907"
  HREF="footnode.html#foot2712"><SUP>1.2</SUP></A>.  The formats
used for <I>date</I> and <I>clock</I> are under the user's control.  Both Gregorian
and ISO calendars are supported.  Frame annotation for time-series are now supported
via the <B>-B</B> option; there are many new modifiers reflecting the vast number of
ways one may want to annotate time axes, including support for primary and secondary
annotation levels and the day- and month-names in numerous languages (send us the information
we need if your language is not supported).  The capability to handle time (in <B>-R</B>,
<B>-J</B>, <B>-B</B>, i/o, and plotting) required considerable changes ``under the hood'',
including the introduction of numerous new <A NAME="tex2html911"
  HREF="../man/gmtdefaults.html"><I><B>gmtdefaults</B></I></A><A NAME="6960"></A> parameters to make
the time series support as ``generic'' as we need it to be.
</DD>
<DT><STRONG>New Tools.</STRONG></DT>
<DD>Three new tools have been added:

<OL>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html912"
  HREF="../man/gmt2rgb.html"><I><B>gmt2rgb</B></I></A><A NAME="6965"></A>: Makes red, green, and blue component grid files from an image (to be
used with new options for false color imaging or image draping by <A NAME="tex2html913"
  HREF="../man/grdimage.html"><I><B>grdimage</B></I></A><A NAME="6970"></A> or <A NAME="tex2html914"
  HREF="../man/grdview.html"><I><B>grdview</B></I></A><A NAME="6975"></A>).
</LI>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html915"
  HREF="../man/grdblend.html"><I><B>grdblend</B></I></A><A NAME="6980"></A>: Blends several partially over-lapping grid files into one combined grid.  Output
grid is written one row at the time so truly enormous grids can be created.
</LI>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html916"
  HREF="../man/pslegend.html"><I><B>pslegend</B></I></A><A NAME="6985"></A>: Designs and plots elaborate legends on maps.
</LI>
</OL>
</DD>
<DT><STRONG>New Program Options.</STRONG></DT>
<DD>Many programs have received additional options or
features that enhances their usefulness:

<UL>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html917"
  HREF="../man/blockmean.html"><I><B>blockmean</B></I></A><A NAME="6990"></A>:	New option <B>-Sw</B> will return weight sum while <B>-Sz</B> returns
the data sums (<I>i.e.</I>, it duplicates the previous <B>-S</B> option).
</LI>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html918"
  HREF="../man/filter1d.html"><I><B>filter1d</B></I></A><A NAME="6998"></A>:	New filters <B>-Fl<IMG
 WIDTH="8" HEIGHT="31" ALIGN="MIDDLE" BORDER="0"
 SRC="img12.png"
 ALT="$\vert$">L<IMG
 WIDTH="8" HEIGHT="31" ALIGN="MIDDLE" BORDER="0"
 SRC="img12.png"
 ALT="$\vert$">u<IMG
 WIDTH="8" HEIGHT="31" ALIGN="MIDDLE" BORDER="0"
 SRC="img12.png"
 ALT="$\vert$">U</B> that return extreme (min, max) values.
</LI>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html919"
  HREF="../man/gmtconvert.html"><I><B>gmtconvert</B></I></A><A NAME="7004"></A>:	Added new options <B>-F</B>, <B>-A</B>,  and <B>-I</B> that simulate
<I>UNIX</I> <I>cut</I><A NAME="7012"></A>, <I>paste</I><A NAME="7015"></A>, and <I>tail</I><A NAME="7018"></A> <B>-r</B> (or <I>tac</I><A NAME="7022"></A>) capabilities.
Option <B>-E</B> reports first and last point per segment only, <B>-L</B> lists the segment headers only,
while <B>-S</B> lists records from segments whose header matches a given text pattern.
</LI>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html920"
  HREF="../man/gmtmath.html"><I><B>gmtmath</B></I></A><A NAME="7029"></A>:	Added new operators for solving least squares problems (<B>COL, LSQFIT</B>),
finding function roots (<B>ROOTS</B>), and evaluating critical values (<B>CHICRIT, FCRIT, TCRIT, ZCRIT</B>).
We also added some general functions (<B>SINC, LOG2, LRAND</B>) and miscellaneous operations (<B>FLIPUD, NEQ</B>).
The <B>-S</B> option may now take a modifier to select first or last record only.
</LI>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html921"
  HREF="../man/gmtselect.html"><I><B>gmtselect</B></I></A><A NAME="7035"></A>:	New option  <B>-Z</B> to pass or skip based on input <IMG
 WIDTH="10" HEIGHT="29" ALIGN="MIDDLE" BORDER="0"
 SRC="img22.png"
 ALT="$z$">-range.
</LI>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html922"
  HREF="../man/grd2cpt.html"><I><B>grd2cpt</B></I></A><A NAME="7041"></A>:	New options  <B>-Q</B> for logarithmic scales, <B>-E</B> for equidistant color
intervals, <B>-R</B> for selecting a grid sub-region, and <B>-N</B> to suppress output of B, F, N colors<A NAME="tex2html908"
  HREF="footnode.html#foot2596"><SUP>1.3</SUP></A>.
</LI>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html923"
  HREF="../man/grd2xyz.html"><I><B>grd2xyz</B></I></A><A NAME="7050"></A>:	New option <B>-W</B> to write a constant weight factor as a 4th output column,
and ability to process several grid files at the same time.
</LI>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html924"
  HREF="../man/grdcontour.html"><I><B>grdcontour</B></I></A><A NAME="7056"></A>:	Expanded the <B>-G</B> option to handle 5 algorithms (4 new) for the placement
of contour labels. 
</LI>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html925"
  HREF="../man/grdedit.html"><I><B>grdedit</B></I></A><A NAME="7062"></A>:	New option <B>-N</B> to replace selected node values given <I>x, y, z</I> data
in table form (options <B>-H</B>, <B>-b</B>, <B>-f</B>, and <B>-:</B> added for file support).
</LI>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html926"
  HREF="../man/grdfilter.html"><I><B>grdfilter</B></I></A><A NAME="7072"></A>:	New geospatial filters <B>-Fl<IMG
 WIDTH="8" HEIGHT="31" ALIGN="MIDDLE" BORDER="0"
 SRC="img12.png"
 ALT="$\vert$">L<IMG
 WIDTH="8" HEIGHT="31" ALIGN="MIDDLE" BORDER="0"
 SRC="img12.png"
 ALT="$\vert$">u<IMG
 WIDTH="8" HEIGHT="31" ALIGN="MIDDLE" BORDER="0"
 SRC="img12.png"
 ALT="$\vert$">U</B> that return extreme (min, max) values. 
</LI>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html927"
  HREF="../man/grdimage.html"><I><B>grdimage</B></I></A><A NAME="7078"></A>:	New option for colormasking (<B>-Q</B>; <I>PostScript</I> Level 3 only), <I>PostScript</I> image 
interpolation (<B>-E</B><I>-dpi</I>), and false RGB color image (when given three grids), as well as a modifier to <B>-T</B>
to draw tile outlines.
</LI>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html928"
  HREF="../man/grdinfo.html"><I><B>grdinfo</B></I></A><A NAME="7088"></A>:	New option to create argument for <A NAME="tex2html929"
  HREF="../man/makecpt.html"><I><B>makecpt</B></I></A><A NAME="7093"></A> (<B>-T</B>) and to round-off
region boundary coordinates (<B>-I</B>). 
</LI>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html930"
  HREF="../man/grdmath.html"><I><B>grdmath</B></I></A><A NAME="7100"></A>:	Added new operators for critical values (<B>CHICRIT, FCRIT, TCRIT, ZCRIT</B>),
geospatial analysis (<B>LDIST,  PDIST, INSIDE</B>) and for calculating azimuths (<B>CAS, SAZ</B>).  We have
also added some general functions (<B>SINC, LOG2, LRAND</B>) and a few grid operations (<B>FLIPLR, FLIPUD, ROTX, ROTY, NEQ,
INRANGE</B>).  We may now create multiple output grids from a single command.
</LI>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html931"
  HREF="../man/grdproject.html"><I><B>grdproject</B></I></A><A NAME="7105"></A>: Option to supply false easting/northing or other offsets from the origin(<B>-C</B>).
</LI>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html932"
  HREF="../man/grdreformat.html"><I><B>grdreformat</B></I></A><A NAME="7111"></A>: Option to suppress header in raw output (<B>-N</B>).
</LI>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html933"
  HREF="../man/grdsample.html"><I><B>grdsample</B></I></A><A NAME="7117"></A>:	Option to push the bilinear interpolation closer to nodes that are NaN (<B>-Q</B>).
</LI>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html934"
  HREF="../man/grdtrack.html"><I><B>grdtrack</B></I></A><A NAME="7123"></A>:	Options to retrieve nearest node value (<B>-N</B>, no interpolation) and to push
the bilinear interpolation closer to nodes that are NaN (<B>-Q</B>).
</LI>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html935"
  HREF="../man/grdview.html"><I><B>grdview</B></I></A><A NAME="7130"></A>:	Colormasking (<B>-Qc</B>, PS Level 3 only), draping of images via red, green,
and blue component grids (<B>-G</B>).  Also,  drapegrids can have higher resolution than the relief grid, and we
added a modifier to <B>-T</B> to draw tile outlines.
</LI>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html936"
  HREF="../man/makecpt.html"><I><B>makecpt</B></I></A><A NAME="7138"></A>:	New options <B>-Q</B> for logarithmic scales and <B>-N</B> to suppress output
of B, F, N colors.
</LI>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html937"
  HREF="../man/mapproject.html"><I><B>mapproject</B></I></A><A NAME="7145"></A>:	New options for datum conversions (<B>-T</B>, <B>-E</B>, and <B>-Q</B>), azimuth and
back-azimuth (<B>-A</B>), distance to point (<B>-G</B>) and line  (<B>-L</B>)calculations, and optional false easting/northing (<B>-C</B>).
</LI>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html938"
  HREF="../man/minmax.html"><I><B>minmax</B></I></A><A NAME="7157"></A>:		Added <B>-T</B><I>dz</I> option to produce <B>-T</B> string for <A NAME="tex2html939"
  HREF="../man/makecpt.html"><I><B>makecpt</B></I></A><A NAME="7164"></A>,
<B>-E</B> for returning extreme records, and the <B>-I</B> option was extended to handle any number of columns when <B>-C</B> is used.
</LI>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html940"
  HREF="../man/psbasemap.html"><I><B>psbasemap</B></I></A><A NAME="7172"></A>:	Extended <B>-L</B> to allow alternate label and justification, and added <B>-T</B>
for directional rose ornament or magnetic compass directions.
</LI>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html941"
  HREF="../man/pscoast.html"><I><B>pscoast</B></I></A><A NAME="7179"></A>:	Extended <B>-L</B> to allow alternate label and justification, and added <B>-T</B>
for directional rose ornament or magnetic compass directions.
</LI>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html942"
  HREF="../man/pscontour.html"><I><B>pscontour</B></I></A><A NAME="7186"></A>:	Expanded the <B>-G</B> option to handle 5 algorithms (4 new) for the placement
of contour labels. 
</LI>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html943"
  HREF="../man/psimage.html"><I><B>psimage</B></I></A><A NAME="7192"></A>:	<I>PostScript</I> image interpolation (<B>-W</B><I>-xlength</I>), and justification option
in <B>-C</B>.
</LI>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html944"
  HREF="../man/psscale.html"><I><B>psscale</B></I></A><A NAME="7200"></A>:	Options to annotate on opposite side (<B>-A</B>) and to plot back or foreground
triangle only (<B>-E</B>[<B>b<IMG
 WIDTH="8" HEIGHT="31" ALIGN="MIDDLE" BORDER="0"
 SRC="img12.png"
 ALT="$\vert$">f</B>] ).  Also, draw discrete color-key table with centered annotations by appending an optional
<I>gap</I> to the <B>-L</B> option. 
</LI>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html945"
  HREF="../man/pstext.html"><I><B>pstext</B></I></A><A NAME="7208"></A>: 	New option <B>-A</B> should azimuths rather than angles be given,
</LI>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html946"
  HREF="../man/psxy.html"><I><B>psxy</B></I></A><A NAME="7214"></A>: 	Line color control (via <B>-C</B>), symbol position offset (with <B>-D</B>), custom symbols access 
(with <B>-Sk</B>; use any of the 35 (Appendix&nbsp;<A HREF="node240.html#app:N">N</A>) that come with <A NAME="tex2html947"
  HREF="http://gmt.soest.hawaii.edu"><B>GMT</B></A> or design your own), many new symbols (horizontal and vertical dashes,
pentagon, octagon, rectangle, double-headed and centered vectors), and annotated (``quoted'') lines with <B>-Sq</B>.
</LI>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html948"
  HREF="../man/psxyz.html"><I><B>psxyz</B></I></A><A NAME="7226"></A>: 	Same, plus a vertical dash symbol.
</LI>
<LI><A NAME="tex2html949"
  HREF="../man/xyz2grd.html"><I><B>xyz2grd</B></I></A><A NAME="7231"></A>: 	Added <B>-Au<IMG
 WIDTH="8" HEIGHT="31" ALIGN="MIDDLE" BORDER="0"
 SRC="img12.png"
 ALT="$\vert$">l</B> for upper/lower value at each node.
</LI>
</UL>
</DD>
<DT><STRONG>General enhancements.</STRONG></DT>
<DD>These affect most of the programs:

<UL>
<LI>The coastline data have been updated to GSHHS version 1.3.  About 50 or so polygons had lingering
crossovers and some had duplicate points or failed to close; these have now been fixed. Major
errors in the Puget Sound coastline have also been corrected.
</LI>
<LI>New shorthand to repeat the most recently used projection (<B>-J</B>).
</LI>
<LI>Options for phase-shifting the stride and supplying a prefix for frame annotations (<B>-B</B>).
</LI>
<LI>Override <A NAME="tex2html950"
  HREF="http://gmt.soest.hawaii.edu"><B>GMT</B></A> defaults directly on the command line with any number of --<I>PAR=value</I> options.
</LI>
<LI>Now choose from 63 ellipsoids and 223 datums, or use your own values.
</LI>
<LI>Numerous new <A NAME="tex2html951"
  HREF="http://gmt.soest.hawaii.edu"><B>GMT</B></A> defaults parameters, mostly in support of time-series functionality.
</LI>
<LI>Shorthand for global regions (<B>-Rg</B> for <B>-R</B>0/360/-90/90 and <B>-Rd</B> for <B>-R</B>-180/180/-90/90).
</LI>
<LI>Full support for either RGB, HSV, or CMYK in pen/fill command-line options or in cpt files.
</LI>
<LI>Support for English color names (e.g., red, lightbrown).
</LI>
<LI>Choice of unit when specifying pen thickness (cm, inch, point).
</LI>
<LI>Easier pen specification mechanism, with predefined names for certain pen thicknesses.
</LI>
<LI>Centering of plots on current page with <B>-Xc</B>, <B>-Yc</B>.
</LI>
<LI>More control over input/output table formats (<B>-f</B>, <B>-:</B>[<B>i<IMG
 WIDTH="8" HEIGHT="31" ALIGN="MIDDLE" BORDER="0"
 SRC="img12.png"
 ALT="$\vert$">o</B>]).
</LI>
<LI>Ability to read and write NOAA/NGDC GRD98 grid format.
</LI>
<LI>Ability to add additional fonts.
</LI>
<LI>Custom paper media size (useful for posters and large maps).
</LI>
<LI>All text are now justified by the <I>PostScript</I> interpreter, as is the clipping of contours and ``quoted lines''
to make space for annotation labels.
</LI>
<LI>Better support for various international character encodings.
</LI>
<LI>New Appendices M (color tables), N (custom symbols), O (contours and ``quoted lines''), and P
(using both <A NAME="tex2html952"
  HREF="http://gmt.soest.hawaii.edu"><B>GMT</B></A> 3 and 4).
</LI>
<LI>New hidden files <U>.gmtdefaults4</U> and <U>.gmtcommands4</U> to ensure peaceful coexistence with <A NAME="tex2html953"
  HREF="http://gmt.soest.hawaii.edu"><B>GMT</B></A> 3-series.
</LI>
<LI>Data files in directories pointed to by the three environmental parameters <B>$GMT_DATADIR</B>, <B>$GMT_GRIDDIR</B>,
and <B>$GMT_IMGDIR</B> can be specified without their full path names when used as input files.
</LI>
<LI>We have added five new examples for a total of 25.
</LI>
<LI>Bourne shell utility <I>gmtswitch</I><A NAME="7261"></A> simplifies switching between installed <A NAME="tex2html954"
  HREF="http://gmt.soest.hawaii.edu"><B>GMT</B></A> versions.
</LI>
</UL>
</DD>
</DL>
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<B> Next:</B> <A NAME="tex2html2949"
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<ADDRESS>
Paul Wessel
2011-02-27
</ADDRESS>
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