MPICH2 Release 1.2.1p1
MPICH2 is a high-performance and widely portable implementation of the
MPI-2.2 standard from the Argonne National Laboratory. This release
has all MPI 2.2 functions and features required by the standard with
the exception of support for the "external32" portable I/O format and
user-defined data representations for I/O.
The distribution has been tested by us on a variety of machines in our
environments as well as our partner institutes. If you have problems
with the installation or usage of MPICH2, please send an email to
mpich-discuss@mcs.anl.gov (you need to subscribe to this list
(https://lists.mcs.anl.gov/mailman/listinfo/mpich-discuss) before
sending an email). If you have found a bug in MPICH2, we request that
you report it at our bug tracking system:
(https://trac.mcs.anl.gov/projects/mpich2/newticket).
This README file should contain enough information to get you started
with MPICH2. More extensive installation and user guides can be found
in the doc/installguide/install.pdf and doc/userguide/user.pdf files
respectively. Additional information regarding the contents of the
release can be found in the CHANGES file in the top-level directory,
and in the RELEASE_NOTES file, where certain restrictions are
detailed. Finally, the MPICH2 web site,
http://www.mcs.anl.gov/research/projects/mpich2, contains information
on bug fixes and new releases.
I. Getting Started
II. Alternate Configure Options
III. Compiler Flags
IV. Alternate Channels and Devices
V. Alternate Process Managers
VI. VPATH Builds
VII. Shared Libraries
VIII. Other Features
IX. Environment Variables
X. Developer Builds
XI. Building ROMIO into MPICH2
XII. Testing the MPICH2 installation
XIII. Installing MPICH2 on windows
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
I. Getting Started
==================
The following instructions take you through a sequence of steps to get
the default configuration (ch3 device, nemesis channel (with TCP and
shared memory), MPD process management) of MPICH2 up and running.
1. You will need the following prerequisites.
- This tar file mpich2-1.2.1p1.tar.gz
- A C compiler (gcc is sufficient)
- A Fortran compiler if Fortran applications are to be used
(g77 or gfortran is sufficient)
- A C++ compiler for the C++ MPI bindings (g++ is sufficient)
- Python 2.2 or later (for the default MPD process manager)
- If a Fortran 90 compiler is found, by default MPICH2 will
attempt to build a basic MPI module. This module contains the
MPI routines that do not contain "choice" arguments; i.e., the module
does not contain any of the communication routines, such as
MPI_Send, that can take arguments of different type. You may still
use those routines, however, the MPI module does not contain
interface specifications for them. If you have trouble with the
configuration step and do not need Fortran 90, configure with
--disable-f90 .
Configure will check for these prerequisites and try to work around
deficiencies if possible. (If you don't have Fortran, you will
still be able to use MPICH2, just not with Fortran applications.)
Also, you need to know what shell you are using since different shell
has different command syntax. Command "echo $SHELL" prints out the
current shell used by your terminal program.
2. Unpack the tar file and go to the top level directory:
tar xzf mpich2-1.2.1p1.tar.gz
cd mpich2-1.2.1p1
If your tar doesn't accept the z option, use
gunzip mpich2-1.2.1p1.tar.gz
tar xf mpich2-1.2.1p1.tar
cd mpich2-1.2.1p1
3. Choose an installation directory (the default is /usr/local/bin),
/home/you/mpich2-install which is assumed to non-existent or empty.
It will be most convenient if this directory is shared by all of the
machines where you intend to run processes. If not, you will have
to duplicate it on the other machines after installation.
4. Configure MPICH2 (The steps described here are called inpath-build,
we recommend user to do vpath build if possible), specifying the
installation directory:
for csh and tcsh:
./configure --prefix=/home/you/mpich2-install |& tee c.txt
for bash and sh:
./configure --prefix=/home/you/mpich2-install 2>&1 | tee c.txt
Bourne-like shells, sh and bash, accept "2>&1 |". Csh-like shell,
csh and tcsh, accept "|&". File c.txt is used to store all messages
generated configure command and is useful for diagnosis if something
goes wrong. Other configure options are described below. You might
also prefer to do a VPATH build (see below). Check the c.txt file
to make sure everything went well. Problems should be self-explanatory,
but if not, please attach c.txt to your bug report.
5. Build MPICH2:
for csh and tcsh:
make |& tee m.txt
for bash and sh:
make 2>&1 | tee m.txt
This step should succeed if there were no problems with the
preceding step. Check file m.txt. If there were problems,
do a "make clean" and then run make again with V=1
make V=1 |& tee m.txt (for csh and tcsh)
OR
make V=1 2>&1 | tee m.txt (for bash and sh)
and then attach m.txt and c.txt to your bug report.
6. Install the MPICH2 commands:
for csh and tcsh:
make install |& tee mi.txt
for bash and sh:
make install 2>&1 | tee mi.txt
This step collects all required executables and scripts in the bin
subdirectory of the directory specified by the prefix argument to
configure.
(For users who want an install directory structure compliant to
GNU coding standards (i.e., documentation files go to
${datarootdir}/doc/${PACKAGE}, architecture-independent
read-only files go to ${datadir}/${PACKAGE}), replace
"make install" by
make install PACKAGE=mpich2-<versrion>
and corresponding installcheck step should be
make installcheck PACKAGE=mpich2-<version>
Setting PACKAGE in "make install" or "installcheck" step is optional
and unnecessary for typical MPI users.)
7. Add the bin subdirectory of the installation directory to your path:
for csh and tcsh:
setenv PATH /home/you/mpich2-install/bin:$PATH
for bash and sh:
PATH=/home/you/mpich2-install/bin:$PATH ; export PATH
Check that everything is in order at this point by doing
which mpd
which mpiexec
which mpirun
All should refer to the commands in the bin subdirectory of your
install directory. It is at this point that you will need to
duplicate this directory on your other machines if it is not
in a shared file system such as NFS.
8. MPICH2 uses an external process manager for scalable startup of
large MPI jobs. The default process manager is called MPD, which
is a ring of daemons on the machines where you will run your MPI
programs. In the next few steps, you will get his ring up and
tested. More details on interacting with MPD can be found in the
README file in mpich2-1.2.1p1/src/pm/mpd, such as how to list
running jobs, kill, suspend, or otherwise signal them, and how to
debug programs with "mpiexec -gdb".
If you have problems getting the MPD ring established, see the
Installation Guide for instructions on how to diagnose problems
with your system configuration that may be preventing it. Also
see that guide if you plan to run MPD as root on behalf of users.
Please be aware that we do not recommend running MPD as root until
you have done testing to make sure that all is well.
Begin by placing in your home directory a file named .mpd.conf
(/etc/mpd.conf if root), containing the line
secretword=<secretword>
where <secretword> is a string known only to yourself. It should
NOT be your normal Unix password. Make this file readable and
writable only by you:
chmod 600 .mpd.conf
9. The first sanity check consists of bringing up a ring of one mpd on
the local machine, testing one mpd command, and bringing the "ring"
down.
mpd &
mpdtrace
mpdallexit
The output of mpdtrace should be the hostname of the machine you are
running on. The mpdallexit causes the mpd daemon to exit.
If you have problems getting the mpd ring established, see the
Installation Guide for instructions on how to diagnose problems
with your system configuration that may be preventing it.
10. Now we will bring up a ring of mpd's on a set of machines. Create a
file consisting of a list of machine names, one per line. Name this
file mpd.hosts. These hostnames will be used as targets for ssh or
rsh, so include full domain names if necessary. Check that you can
reach these machines with ssh or rsh without entering a password.
You can test by doing
ssh othermachine date
or
rsh othermachine date
If you cannot get this to work without entering a password, you will
need to configure ssh or rsh so that this can be done, or else use
the workaround for mpdboot in the next step.
11. Start the daemons on (some of) the hosts in the file mpd.hosts
mpdboot -n <number to start>
The number to start can be less than 1 + number of hosts in the
file, but cannot be greater than 1 + the number of hosts in the
file. One mpd is always started on the machine where mpdboot is
run, and is counted in the number to start, whether or not it occurs
in the file.
There is a workaround if you cannot get mpdboot to work because of
difficulties with ssh or rsh setup. You can start the daemons "by
hand" as follows:
mpd & # starts the local daemon
mpdtrace -l # makes the local daemon print its host
# and port in the form <host>_<port>
Then log into each of the other machines, put the install/bin
directory in your path, and do:
mpd -h <hostname> -p <port> &
where the hostname and port belong to the original mpd that you
started. From each machine, after starting the mpd, you can do
mpdtrace
to see which machines are in the ring so far. More details on
mpdboot and other options for starting the mpd's are in
mpich2-1.2.1p1/src/pm/mpd/README.
!! ***************************
If you are still having problems getting the mpd ring established,
you can use the mpdcheck utility as described in the Installation Guide
to diagnose problems with your system configuration.
!! ***************************
12. Test the ring you have just created:
mpdtrace
The output should consist of the hosts where MPD daemons are now
running. You can see how long it takes a message to circle this
ring with
mpdringtest
That was quick. You can see how long it takes a message to go
around many times by giving mpdringtest an argument:
mpdringtest 100
mpdringtest 1000
13. Test that the ring can run a multiprocess job:
mpiexec -n <number> hostname
The number of processes need not match the number of hosts in the
ring; if there are more, they will wrap around. You can see the
effect of this by getting rank labels on the stdout:
mpiexec -l -n 30 hostname
You probably didn't have to give the full pathname of the hostname
command because it is in your path. If not, use the full pathname:
mpiexec -l -n 30 /bin/hostname
14. Now we will run an MPI job, using the mpiexec command as specified
in the MPI-2 standard. There are some examples in the install
directory, which you have already put in your path, as well as in
the directory mpich2-1.2.1p1/examples. One of them is the classic
cpi example, which computes the value of pi by numerical
integration in parallel.
mpiexec -n 5 cpi
The number of processes need not match the number of hosts.
The cpi example will tell you which hosts it is running on.
By default, the processes are launched one after the other on the hosts
in the mpd ring, so it is not necessary to specify hosts when running a
job with mpiexec.
There are many options for mpiexec, by which multiple executables
can be run, hosts can be specified (as long as they are in the mpd
ring), separate command-line arguments and environment variables can
be passed to different processes, and working directories and search
paths for executables can be specified. Do
mpiexec --help
for details. A typical example is:
mpiexec -n 1 master : -n 19 slave
or
mpiexec -n 1 -host mymachine : -n 19 slave
to ensure that the process with rank 0 runs on your workstation.
The arguments between ':'s in this syntax are called "argument
sets", since they apply to a set of processes. Some arguments,
called "global", apply across all argument sets and must appear
first. For example, to get rank labels on standard output, use
mpiexec -l -n 3 cpi
See the User's Guide for much more detail on arguments to mpiexec.
The mpirun command from the original MPICH is still available,
although it does not support as many options as mpiexec.
If you have completed all of the above steps, you have successfully
installed MPICH2 and run an MPI example.
More details on arguments to mpiexec are given in the User's Guide in
the doc subdirectory. Also in the User's Guide you will find help on
debugging. MPICH2 has some some support for the TotalView debugger, as
well as some other approaches described there.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
II. Alternate Configure Options
===============================
The above steps utilized the MPICH2 defaults, which included choosing
TCP and shared memory for communication (via the "nemesis" channel)
and the MPD process manager. Other alternatives are available. You
can find out about configuration alternatives with
./configure --help
in the mpich2 directory. The alternatives described below are
configured by adding arguments to the configure step.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
III. Compiler Flags
===================
MPICH2 allows several sets of compiler flags to be used. The first
three sets are configure-time options for MPICH2, while the fourth is
only relevant when compiling applications with mpicc and friends.
1. CFLAGS, CXXFLAGS, FFLAGS, F90FLAGS and LDFLAGS (abbreviated as
xFLAGS): Setting these flags would result in the MPICH2 library being
compiled/linked with these flags and the flags internally being used
in mpicc and friends.
2. MPICH2LIB_CFLAGS, MPICH2LIB_CXXFLAGS, MPICH2LIB_FFLAGS,
MPICH2LIB_F90FLAGS and MPICH2LIB_LDFLAGS (abbreviated as
MPICH2LIB_xFLAGS): Setting these flags would result in the MPICH2
library being compiled/linked with these flags. However, these flags
will *not* be used by mpicc and friends.
3. MPICH2_MAKE_CFLAGS: Setting these flags would result in MPICH2's
configure tests to not use these flags, but the makefile's to use
them. This is a temporary hack for certain cases that advanced
developers might be interested in which break existing configure tests
(e.g., -Werror) and are not recommended for regular users.
4. MPICH2_MPICC_FLAGS, MPICH2_MPICXX_FLAGS, MPICH2_MPIF77_FLAGS,
MPICH2_MPIF90_FLAGS and MPICH2_LDFLAGS (abbreviated as
MPICH2_MPIX_FLAGS): These flags do *not* affect the compilation of the
MPICH2 library itself, but will be internally used by mpicc and
friends.
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
| | | |
| | MPICH2 library | mpicc and friends |
| | | |
+--------------------+----------------------+------------------------+
| | | |
| xFLAGS | Yes | Yes |
| | | |
+--------------------+----------------------+------------------------+
| | | |
| MPICH2LIB_xFLAGS | Yes | No |
| | | |
+--------------------+----------------------+------------------------+
| | | |
| MPICH2_MAKE_xFLAGS | Yes | No |
| | | |
+--------------------+----------------------+------------------------+
| | | |
| MPICH2_MPIX_FLAGS | No | Yes |
| | | |
+--------------------+----------------------+------------------------+
All these flags can be set as part of configure command or through
environment variables. (CPPFLAGS stands for C preprocessor flags,
which should NOT be set)
Default flags
--------------
By default, MPICH2 automatically adds certain compiler optimizations
to MPICH2LIB_CFLAGS. The currently used optimization level is -O2.
** IMPORTANT NOTE: Remember that this only affects the compilation of
the MPICH2 library and is not used in the wrappers (mpicc and friends)
that are used to compile your applications or other libraries.
This optimization level can be changed with the --enable-fast option
passed to configure. For example, to build an MPICH2 environment with
-O3 for all language bindings, one can simply do:
./configure --enable-fast=O3
Or to disable all compiler optimizations, one can do:
./configure --disable-fast
For more details of --enable-fast, see the output of "configure
--help".
Examples
--------
Example 1:
./configure --disable-fast MPICH2LIB_CFLAGS=-O3 MPICH2LIB_FFLAGS=-O3 MPICH2LIB_CXXFLAGS=-O3 MPICH2LIB_F90FLAGS=-O3
This will cause the MPICH2 libraries to be built with -O3, and -O3
will *not* be included in the mpicc and other MPI wrapper script.
Example 2:
./configure --disable-fast CFLAGS=-O3 FFLAGS=-O3 CXXFLAGS=-O3 F90FLAGS=-O3
This will cause the MPICH2 libraries to be built with -O3, and -O3
will be included in the mpicc and other MPI wrapper script.
Example 3:
There are certain compiler flags that should not be used with MPICH2's
configure, e.g. gcc's -Werror, which would confuse configure and cause
certain configure tests to fail to detect the correct system features.
To use -Werror in building MPICH2 libraries, you can pass the compiler
flags during the make step through the Makefile variable
MPICH2_MAKE_CFLAGS as follows:
make MPICH2_MAKE_CFLAGS="-Wall -Werror"
The content of MPICH2_MAKE_CFLAGS is appended to the CFLAGS in all
relevant Makefiles.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
IV. Alternate Channels and Devices
==================================
The communication mechanisms in MPICH2 are called "devices". MPICH2
supports several internal devices including ch3 (default), dcmfd (for
Blue Gene/P) and globus (for Globus), as well as many third-party
devices that are released and maintained by other institutes such as
osu_ch3 (from Ohio State University for InfiniBand and iWARP), ch_mx
(from Myricom for Myrinet MX), etc.
*************************************
ch3 device
**********
The ch3 device contains different internal communication options
called "channels". We currently support nemesis (default), sock, ssm,
and shm channels, and experimentally provide a dllchan channel within
the ch3 device.
nemesis channel
---------------
Nemesis provides communication using different networks (tcp, mx) as
well as various shared-memory optimizations. To configure MPICH2 with
nemesis, you can use the following configure option:
--with-device=ch3:nemesis
The TCP network module gets configured in by default. To specify a
different network module such as MX, you can use:
--with-device=ch3:nemesis:mx
If the MX include files and libraries are not in the normal search
paths, you can specify them with the following options:
--with-mx-include= and --with-mx-lib=
... or the if lib/ and include/ are in the same directory, you can use
the following option:
--with-mx=
If the MX libraries are shared libraries, they need to be in the
shared library search path. This can be done by adding the path to
/etc/ld.so.conf, or by setting the LD_LIBRARY_PATH variable in your
.bashrc (or .tcshrc) file. It's also possible to set the shared
library search path in the binary. If you're using gcc, you can do
this by adding
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/path/to/lib
(and)
LDFLAGS="-Wl,-rpath -Wl,/path/to/lib"
... as arguments to configure.
By default, MX allows for only eight endpoints per node causing
ch3:nemesis:mx to give initialization errors with greater than 8
processes on the same node (this is an MX error and not an inherent
limitation in the MPICH2/Nemesis design). If needed, this can be set
to a higher number when MX is loaded. We recommend the user to contact
help@myri.com for details on how to do this.
Shared-memory optimizations are enabled by default to improve
performance for multi-processor/multi-core platforms. They can be
disabled (at the cost of performance) either by setting the
environment variable MPICH_NO_LOCAL to 1, or using the following
configure option:
--enable-nemesis-dbg-nolocal
The --with-shared-memory= configure option allows you to choose how
Nemesis allocates shared memory. The options are "auto", "sysv", and
"mmap". Using "sysv" will allocate shared memory using the System V
shmget(), shmat(), etc. functions. Using "mmap" will allocate shared
memory by creating a file (in /dev/shm if it exists, otherwise /tmp),
then mmap() the file. The default is "auto". Note that System V
shared memory has limits on the size of shared memory segments so
using this for Nemesis may limit the number of processes that can be
started on a single node.
sock channel
------------
sock is the traditional TCP sockets based communication channel. It
uses TCP/IP sockets for all communication including intra-node
communication. So, though the performance of this channel is worse
than that of nemesis, it should work on almost every platform. This
channel can be configured using the following option:
--with-device=ch3:sock
ssm and shm channels
--------------------
shm (shared memory) channel is for use on platforms that only use
shared-memory communication. ssm (sockets and shared memory) is for
use on clusters of shared-memory machines. They can be configured
using:
--with-device=ch3:ssm
(or)
--with-device=ch3:shm
These two channels are being deprecated and will be removed starting
the 1.2 release series of MPICH2. The nemesis channel provides all the
functionality supported by these channels and more.
dllchan
-------
dllchan is a new *experimental* channel for supporting dynamic loading
of other channels. To use this channel, configure with:
--with-device=ch3:dllchan:sock,shm,ssm
This provides the sock, shm, and ssm channels as options, with sock
being the default. In addition, you must specify the shared library
type; under Linux and when using gcc (or compilers that mimic gcc for
shared-library construction) add:
--enable-sharedlibs=gcc
On Mac OSX, use:
--enable-sharedlibs=gcc-osx
On Solaris, use:
--enable-sharedlibs=solaris-cc
To select a channel other than the default channel, set the
environment variable MPICH_CH3CHANNEL to the channel name (i.e., sock,
shm, or ssm).
There are known problems with this channel, particularly during the
make step. You may find that some symbols are not found when loading
the libraries. If you want to try this experimental channel, please
let us know what does and does not work.
sctp channel
------------
The SCTP channel is a new channel using the Stream Control
Transmission Protocol (SCTP). This channel supports regular MPI-1
operations as well as dynamic processes and RMA from MPI-2; it
currently does not offer support for multiple threads.
Configure the sctp channel by using the following option:
--with-device=ch3:sctp
If the SCTP include files and libraries are not in the normal search
paths, you can specify them with the --with-sctp-include= and
--with-sctp-lib= options, or the --with-sctp= option if lib/ and
include/ are in the same directory.
SCTP stack specific instructions:
For FreeBSD 7 and onward, SCTP comes with CURRENT and is enabled with
the "option SCTP" in the kernel configuration file. The sctp_xxx()
calls are contained within libc so to compile ch3:sctp, make a soft-link
named libsctp.a to the target libc.a, then pass the path of the
libsctp.a soft-link to --with-sctp-lib.
For FreeBSD 6.x, kernel patches and instructions can be downloaded at
http://www.sctp.org/download.html . These kernels place libsctp and
headers in /usr, so nothing needs to be specified for --with-sctp
since /usr is often in the default search path.
For Mac OS X, the SCTP Network Kernel Extension (NKE) can be
downloaded at http://sctp.fh-muenster.de/sctp-nke.html . This places
the lib and include in /usr, so nothing needs to be specified for
--with-sctp since /usr is often in the default search path.
For Linux, SCTP comes with the default kernel from 2.4.23 and later as
a module. This module can be loaded as root using "modprobe sctp".
After this is loaded, you can verify it is loaded using "lsmod".
Once loaded, the SCTP socket lib and include files must be downloaded
and installed from http://lksctp.sourceforge.net/ . The prefix
location must then be passed into --with-sctp. This bundle is called
lksctp-tools and is available for download off their website.
For Solaris, SCTP comes with the default Solaris 10 kernel; the lib
and include in /usr, so nothing needs to be specified for --with-sctp
since /usr is often in the default search path. In order to compile
under Solaris, MPICH2LIB_CFLAGS must have
-DMPICH_SCTP_CONCATENATES_IOVS set when running MPICH2's configure
script.
*************************************
IBM Blue Gene/P device
**********************
MPICH2 also supports the IBM Blue Gene/P systems. Since BG/P's
front-end uses a different architecture than the actual compute nodes,
MPICH2 has to be cross-compiled for this platform. The configuration
of MPICH2 on BG/P relies on the availability of the DCMF driver stack
and cross compiler binaries on the system. These are packaged by IBM
in their driver releases (default installation path is
/bgsys/drivers/ppcfloor) and are not released with MPICH2.
Assuming DRIVER_PATH points to the driver installation path (e.g.,
/bgsys/drivers/ppcfloor), the following is an example configure
command-line for MPICH2:
GCC=${DRIVER_PATH}/gnu-linux/bin/powerpc-bgp-linux-gcc \
CC=${DRIVER_PATH}/gnu-linux/bin/powerpc-bgp-linux-gcc \
CXX=${DRIVER_PATH}/gnu-linux/bin/powerpc-bgp-linux-g++ \
F77=${DRIVER_PATH}/gnu-linux/bin/powerpc-bgp-linux-gfortran \
F90=${DRIVER_PATH}/gnu-linux/bin/powerpc-bgp-linux-gfortran \
CFLAGS="-mcpu=450fp2" \
CXXFLAGS="-mcpu=450fp2" \
FFLAGS="-mcpu=450fp2" \
F90FLAGS="-mcpu=450fp2" \
AR=${DRIVER_PATH}/gnu-linux/bin/powerpc-bgp-linux-ar \
LD=${DRIVER_PATH}/gnu-linux/bin/powerpc-bgp-linux-ld \
MSGLAYER_INCLUDE="-I${DRIVER_PATH}/comm/include" \
MSGLAYER_LIB="-L${DRIVER_PATH}/comm/lib -ldcmfcoll.cnk -ldcmf.cnk -lpthread -lrt -L$DRIVER_PATH/runtime/SPI -lSPI.cna" \
./configure --with-device=dcmfd:BGP --with-pmi=no --with-pm=no --with-file-system=bgl \
--enable-timer-type=device --with-cross=src/mpid/dcmfd/cross \
--host=powerpc-bgp-linux --target=powerpc-bgp-linux --build=powerpc64-linux-gnu
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
V. Alternate Process Managers
=============================
mpd
---
MPD is the default process manager. Its setup and use have been
described above. The file mpich2-1.2.1p1/src/pm/mpd/README has more
information about interactive commands for managing the ring of MPDs.
hydra
-----
Hydra is a new process management framework that uses existing daemons
on nodes (e.g., ssh, pbs, slurm, sge) to start MPI processes. The file
mpich2-1.2.1p1/src/pm/hydra/README has mode information about Hydra.
smpd
----
SMPD is a process management system for both Microsoft Windows and UNIX.
SMPD is capable of starting a job where some processes are running on
Windows and others are running on a variant of UNIX. For more
information, please see mpich2-1.2.1p1/src/pm/smpd/README.
gforker
-------
gforker is a process manager that creates processes on a single machine,
by having mpiexec directly fork and exec them. This mechanism is
particularly appropriate for shared-memory multiprocessors (SMPs) where
you want to create all the processes on the same machine. gforker is
also useful for debugging, where running all the processes on a single
machine is often convenient.
slurm
-----
SLURM is an external process manager not distributed with
MPICH2. However, we provide configure options that allow integration
with SLURM. To enable this support, use "--with-pmi=slurm
--with-pm=no" option with configure.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
VI. VPATH Builds
================
MPICH2 supports building MPICH in a different directory tree than the
one where the MPICH2 source is installed. This often allows faster
building, as the sources can be placed in a shared filesystem and the
builds done in a local (and hence usually much faster) filesystem. To
make this clear, the following example assumes that the sources are
placed in /home/me/mpich2-<VERSION>, the build is done in
/tmp/me/mpich2, and the installed version goes into
/usr/local/mpich2-<VERSION>:
shell$ cd /home/me
shell$ tar xzf mpich2-<VERSION>.tar.gz
shell$ cd /tmp/me
shell$ mkdir mpich2
shell$ cd mpich2
shell$ /home/me/mpich2-<VERSION>/configure --prefix=/usr/local/mpich2-<VERSION>
shell$ make
shell$ make install
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
VII. Shared Libraries
=====================
Shared libraries are currently only supported for gcc on Linux and Mac
and for cc on Solaris. To have shared libraries created when MPICH2 is
built, specify the following when MPICH2 is configured:
configure --enable-sharedlibs=gcc (on Linux)
configure --enable-sharedlibs=osx-gcc (on Mac OS X)
configure --enable-sharedlibs=solaris-cc (on Solaris)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
VIII. Other Features
====================
MPICH2 has a number of other features. If you are exploring MPICH2 as
part of a development project the following configure options are
important:
Performance Options:
--enable-fast - Turns off error checking and collection of internal
timing information
--enable-timing=no - Turns off just the collection of internal timing
information
--enable-ndebug - Turns on NDEBUG, which disables asserts. This is a
subset of the optimizations provided by enable-fast,
but is useful in environments where the user wishes
to retain the debug symbols, e.g., this can be combined
with the --enable-g option.
MPI Features:
--enable-romio - Build the ROMIO implementation of MPI-IO. This is
the default
--with-file-system - When used with --enable-romio, specifies
filesystems ROMIO should support. See README.romio.
--enable-threads - Build MPICH2 with support for multi-threaded
applications. Only the sock and nemesis channels support
MPI_THREAD_MULTIPLE.
--with-thread-package - When used with --enable-threads, this option
specifies the thread package to use. This option
defaults to "posix". At the moment, only POSIX
threads are supported on UNIX platforms. We plan to
support Solaris threads in the future.
Language bindings:
--enable-f77 - Build the Fortran 77 bindings. This is the default.
It has been tested with the Fortran parts of the Intel
test suite.
--enable-f90 - Build the Fortran 90 bindings. This is not on by
default, since these have not yet been tested.
--enable-cxx - Build the C++ bindings. This has been tested with the
Notre Dame C++ test suite and some additional tests.
Cross compilation:
--with-cross=filename - Provide values for the tests that required
running a program, such as the tests that configure
uses to determine the sizes of the basic types. This
should be a fine in Bourne shell format containing
variable assignment of the form
CROSS_SIZEOF_INT=2
for all of the CROSS_xxx variables. A list will be
provided in later releases; for now, look at the
configure.in files. This has not been completely
tested.
Error checking and reporting:
--enable-error-checking=level - Control the amount of error checking.
Currently, only "no" and "all" is supported; all is the
default.
--enable-error-messages=level - Control the aount of detail in error
messages. By default, MPICH2 provides
instance-specific error messages; but, with this
option, MPICH2 can be configured to provide less
detailed messages. This may be desirable on small
systems, such as clusters built from game consoles or
high-density massively parallel systems. This is still
under active development.
Compilation options for development:
--enable-g=value - Controls the amount of debugging information
collected by the code. The most useful choice here is
dbg, which compiles with -g.
--enable-coverage - An experimental option that enables GNU coverage
analysis.
--with-logging=name - Select a logging library for recording the
timings of the internal routines. We have used this to
understand the performance of the internals of MPICH2.
More information on the logging options, capabilities
and usage can be found in doc/logging/logging.pdf.
--enable-timer-type=name - Select the timer to use for MPI_Wtime
and internal timestamps. name may be one of:
gethrtime - Solaris timer (Solaris systems
only)
clock_gettime - Posix timer (where available)
gettimeofday - Most Unix systems
linux86_cycle - Linux x86; returns cycle
counts, not time in seconds*
linuxalpha_cycle - Like linux86_cycle, but for
Linux Alpha*
gcc_ia64_cycle - IPF ar.itc timer*
device - The timer is provided by the device
*Note that the cycle timers are intended to be used by
MPICH2 developers for internal low-level timing.
Normal users should not use these as they are not
guaranteed to be accurate in certain situations.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
IX. Environment Variables
=========================
MPICH2 provides several environment variables that have different
purposes.
Generic Environment Variables
-----------------------------
MPICH_NO_LOCAL - Disable shared-memory communication. With this
option, even communication within a node will use the network
stack.
************************************
MPICH_INTERFACE_HOSTNAME - Network interface to use for
communication. By default MPICH2 picks the network interface
representing the hostname (gotten by gethostbyname). Consider
the following example:
% /sbin/ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:14:5E:57:C4:FA
inet addr:192.148.3.182 Bcast:192.148.248.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fe80::214:5eff:fe57:c4fa/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:989925894 errors:0 dropped:7186 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:1480277023 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:441568994866 (411.2 GiB) TX bytes:1864173370054 (1.6 TiB)
Interrupt:185 Memory:e2000000-e2012100
myri0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:14:5E:57:C4:F8
inet addr:10.21.3.182 Bcast:10.21.255.255 Mask:255.255.0.0
inet6 addr: fe80::214:5eff:fe57:c4f8/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:3068986439 errors:0 dropped:7841 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:2288060450 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:3598751494497 (3.2 TiB) TX bytes:1744058613150 (1.5 TiB)
Interrupt:185 Memory:e4000000-e4012100
In the above case the 192.148.x.x IP series refers to the standard
Ethernet (or Gigabit Ethernet) network, AND the 10.21.x.x series
refers to Myrinet.
To run over the Myrinet network use:
% mpiexec -np 1 -env MPICH_INTERFACE_HOSTNAME 10.21.3.182 ./foo
************************************
MPICH_INTERFACE_HOSTNAME_R%d - Network interface to use for rank %d.
************************************
MPICH_PORT_RANGE - Port range to use for MPICH2 internal TCP
connections. This is useful when some of the host ports are
blocked by a firewall. For example, setting MPICH_PORT_RANGE
to "2000:3000" will ensure that MPICH2 will internally only
uses ports between 2000 and 3000.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
X. Developer Builds
===================
For MPICH2 developers who want to directly work on the svn, there are
a few additional steps involved (people using the release tarballs do
not have to follow these steps). Details about these steps can be
found here:
http://wiki.mcs.anl.gov/mpich2/index.php/Getting_And_Building_MPICH2
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
XI. Building ROMIO into MPICH2
==============================
By default, ROMIO, an implementation of the I/O portion of MPI-2 will
be built as a part of MPICH2. The file systems to be built can be
speicified by passing them in a '+'-delimited list to the
--with-file-system configure option. For example:
--with-file-system="pvfs+nfs+ufs"
If you have installed version 2 of the PVFS file system, you can use
the '--with-pvfs2=<prefix>' configure option to specify where
libraries, headers, and utilities have been installed. If you have
added the pvfs utilities to your PATH, then ROMIO will detect this and
build support for PVFS automatically.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
XII. Testing the MPICH2 installation
====================================
To test MPICH2, use the following options after installing mpich2.
These will assume that mpich2 is installed into /usr/local/mpich2.
1. MPICH2 test suite:
shell$ make testing
The results summary will be placed in test/summary.xml
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
XIII. Installing MPICH2 on Windows
==================================
Here are the instructions for setting up MPICH2 on a Windows machine:
0) Install:
Microsoft Developer Studio 2003 or later
Intel Fortran 8.0 or later
cygwin
choose the dos file format option
install perl and cvs
1) Checkout mpich2:
Bring up a command prompt.
(replace "yourname" with your MCS login name):
svn co https://svn.mcs.anl.gov/repos/mpi/mpich2/trunk mpich2
2) Generate *.h.in
Bring up a cygwin bash shell.
cd mpich2
maint/updatefiles
exit
3) Execute winconfigure.wsf
4) Open Developer Studio
open mpich2\mpich2.sln
build the ch3sockDebug mpich2 solution
build the ch3sockDebug mpich2s project
build the ch3sockRelease mpich2 solution
build the ch3sockRelease mpich2s project
build the Debug mpich2 solution
build the Release mpich2 solution
build the fortDebug mpich2 solution
build the fortRelease mpich2 solution
build the gfortDebug mpich2 solution
build the gfortRelease mpich2 solution
build the sfortDebug mpich2 solution
build the sfortRelease mpich2 solution
5) Open a command prompt
cd to mpich2\maint
execute "makegcclibs.bat"
6) Open another Developer Studio instance
open mpich2\examples\examples.sln
build the Release target of the cpi project
7) Return to Developer Studio with the mpich2 solution
set the version numbers in the Installer project
build the Installer mpich2 solution
8) Test and distribute mpich2\maint\ReleaseMSI\mpich2.msi
mpich2.msi can be renamed, eg mpich2-1.1.msi
9) To install the launcher:
Copy smpd.exe to a local directory on all the nodes.
Log on to each node as an administrator and execute "smpd.exe -install"
10) Compile and run an MPI application:
Compile an mpi application. Use mpi.h from mpich2\src\include\win32 and mpi.lib in mpich2\lib
Place your executable along with the mpich2 dlls somewhere accessable to all the machines.
Execute a job by running something like: mpiexec -n 3 myapp.exe
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